Financial Uncertainty Of The Us National Debt - 1864 Words

We live in a time of uncertainty. One of which is financial uncertainty, which affects all Americans regardless of social economic status. According to the Congressional Budgeting Office the US national debt is on track to being equal 78% of the gross domestic product by the year 2024 (Trumbull). Social Security pay outs have neared a level that will soon be unsustainable without a significant increase in taxes. Corporate taxes are now close to 40%, and considered to be one of the highest tax rates in the world (Stone). Former U.S. representative John E. Linder stated that the corporate tax rate has forced many of our good paying manufacturing jobs to be relocated outside the country in order to stay competitive. Making it difficult for low wage earners to transition up in income and support their families like previous generations. The problem for the American job market could be resolved if it were not for the 15 trillion dollars remaining in off shore financial centers because of the high cost due to taxes when the money is repatriated. In addition to the corporate costs, taxes have driven 2 to 3 trillion dollars into an underground economy where no taxes are paid at all (Linder). Jonathon Gruber wrote in his book Public Finance and Public Policy, that tax evasion is estimated to be $280 billion dollars a year! For those who do pay, the estimated costs for filling out the forms in order to pay the taxes is over $350 billion dollars a year. This is quickly becoming aShow MoreRelatedNational Debt Is Not Always A Bad Thing1695 Words   |  7 PagesWhen I first thought of national debt I thought about only the cons and disadvantages of having it. I never gave thought as to what the advantages of having it may be. National debt is the amount of money the federal government owes to lenders outside of itself. When the Treasury borrows funds, it issues Treasury bonds; these are IOUs of the federal government. In other words, the national debt is a stock of IOUs cre ated by annual deficit flows. (Schiller 261) With the help of research and my economicsRead MoreUs National Debt1414 Words   |  6 PagesNational debt ceiling 101: Is a crisis looming? The Christian Science Monitor, Mark Trumbull, March 8, 2011, CSMonitor.com In this article, Mark Trumbull, a staff writer for The Christian Science Monitor, points out several different areas that the USA‘s National Debt crisis effects. Trumbull asks nine different questions about the debt crisis and then answer’s them as best as possible. His effort is to bring the words of this huge political battle from a high scope to the reading level of theRead MoreEssay on Stock Market and Services Textbook Page1575 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿1. Reviewing GMs financial information in GM Exhibit 1 and its stock price in GM Exhibit 2, when do you first see signs of GMs impending financial distress? The sign of GM’s impending financial distress is first seen in 2005. GM reported a net loss of more than $10 billion and has continued to post annual losses since that time with losses reaching almost $31 billion in 2008. GMs cash flow from operations in 2005 was a negative $16.8 billion. Reviewing GM’s stock price, we can see that theRead MoreOn September 11Th, 2001, Terrorists Hijacked Four Planes1182 Words   |  5 Pagesday. These terrorist acts have caused dramatic changes on the unseen scales in many spheres. Starting from 2001, then-President George W. Bush has declared a â€Å"war on terrorism†, an approach which dominated the agenda of American politics ever since. US troops conducted military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq and military spending was increased dramatically. Economic impact of 9/11 tends to be overlooked because of shifts in foreign policy and military offensive. Nonetheless, the economic shiftsRead MoreBanking On Legitimacy : Ecb And The Eurozone Crisis Essay913 Words   |  4 Pagesworld as the sovereign debt crisis unfolds. The European Central Bank (ECB), which started out as a hyper-independent central bank later played a more political role that is initially intended by its creators. The article discusses about the ori gins and evolution of the European Monetary Union (EMU) as well as the ECB leading up to the sovereign debt crisis in Europe. To assess the situation, the author addresses and answers several issues about the European sovereign debt crisis. The questions are:Read MoreNeoclassical Economics Vs. Keynesian Economics1583 Words   |  7 Pageseconomic crises, which is a global financial breakdown and increase unemployment, might represent the drawbacks of capitalism that an unstable economy. In this economic crisis time, thousands of people were bankrupt and lost their job. Due to free financial market and private bank, house and stock market is overdeveloped and the private banks make lots of loan that lead to increasing of house price is faster than income.Eventually, borrowers cannot pay the debt and bank faces trouble in capital turnoverRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis Of 2007-20081123 Words   |  5 PagesThe Global Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 is the worst financial crisis since the 1930’s The Great Depression (Reuters, 2009). Even if bailouts of banks by national governments prevented the co llapse of major financial institutions, worldwide stock markets continued to drop. Evictions and foreclosures overwhelmed the housing market while severed unemployment embraced the labor market (Baily and Elliot, 2009). This global financial crisis was responsible for the decline in the consumers’ wealth, andRead MoreThe Unified Monetary Policy Has Been Considered As The Most Impressive Step Into The Practical Europeanisation1361 Words   |  6 Pageson. Until the devastating break of the euro crisis since the early 2010, in which the sovereign debt and the banking crisis severely challenge those enthusiastic views of policymakers and academic observers on European integration, a critical point for EU institutional transformation emerged.(Schwarzer, 2012) Apparently, a long-term problems underlying the whole EU monetary structures and financial management were recognised to be responsible for this, most of which resulted from the incompleteRead MoreExternal Stability974 Words   |  4 Pagesfluctuations in the balance on goods and services cause a CAD blowout. A major underlying cause of Australia’s persistent CAD is our low level of national savings. Because domestic savings are so low, investors are forced to borrow from overseas to fund domestic investment, leading to a large capital and financial account surplus. As a capital and financial account surplus is always offset by a current account deficit under a floating exchange rate system, Australia’s low level of domestic saving directlyRead MoreGreece Financial Crisis In Greece1114 Words   |  5 PagesGDP. According to the CIA’s studies, the Greek economic system averaged increase of approximately 4% in step with year between 2003 and 2007, however the financial system went into recession in 2009 due to the world financial crisis, tightening credit conditions, and Greece inability to address a developing budget deficit. By 2013, the financial system had reduced in size 26%, compared with the pre-crisis degree of 2007.   Greece met the EUs Growth and Stability Pact budget deficit criterion of no

Financial Analysis of Cyberguard Corporation Essay

Table of Contents: Pages Section 1.............................................................................01 Section 2...........................................................................03 Bibliography......................................................................18 Form 10-k............................................................................19 Articles..............................................................................97 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... CyberGuard Corporation www.cyberguard.com Standard industry classification code: 3571 Tuesday, December 07, 2004 I have†¦show more content†¦One of the other main strategies is heightening of the brand awareness and the increased strength of the distribution channels of their products. CyberGuard makes it one of their top priorities to continue their expansion in both domestic and international markets. The company undertakes many activities such as education and orientation of their products to the customers emphasize key differences between theirs and their competitors products etc. to heighten their brand awareness. In CyberGuards customer base the government sector agencies are one of the main customers and they have a strictest of security requirements for their networks. The company maintains caution and diligence in following its expansion path by strategically acquiring few of the key companies. CyberGuards most recent acquisition was SnapGear. The 10-K states, The acquisition of SnapGear in November 2003 expanded our product portfolio to include a family of cost-effective firewall/VPN appliances aimed at the edge of enterprise network. In April 2004, CyberGuard acquired Webwasher, which is one of the leading companies for web and email content security solutions. The acquisition of Webwasher was one of the key moves in the companys expansion path. At this point the key objective for

Deconstructing Mammalian Thermoregulation

Question: Discuss about the Deconstructing Mammalian Thermoregulation. Answer: Introduction: Homeostatic regulation of decreased body temperature is a vital aspect in maintaining a normal body temperature. Endothermic animals such as mammals are capable of maintaining a fairly constant body temperature of 37.5? C. The thermoregulatory centre located in the hypothalamus is responsible for controlling the body temperature. Two sets of thermoreceptors sends the impulse to the hypothalamus, core temperature is regulated by the receptors in the hypothalamus itself while the receptors in the skin monitor the temperature changes relevant to the external environment. Thus these both sets of information are essential to make appropriate adjustments (Liedtke, 2017). Adjustments in the body temperature are maintained by means of relaying of impulses by the hypothalamus to the various effectors. The responses to lowered body temperature cause the stimulation of the thermoregulatory centre that in turn is under the control of the autonomic nervous system and therefore involuntary respons es take place. In situations of extreme cold or decreased body temperature, hypothalamus triggers the response pertaining to the conservation of heat through stimulation of the heat conservation centre. However some of the responses pertinent to the low temperature leads to actual production of heat inside the body by a mechanism termed as thermogenesis whilst other responses include the conservation of heat. Hence depending upon the internal as well as external body temperature, a wide range of bodily responses occurs that render suitable adjustments in the body. The responses are all evident at the effectors. As response to low temperature the smooth muscles located in arteriole in the skin undergo vasoconstriction through contraction of the muscles. Due to this vasoconstriction less heat is transferred from the core to the bodily surface thereby maintaining the core temperature (Romanovsky, 2014). Chances of the extremities turning blue coupled with the feelings of cold and damag e due to frostbite might take place at this point. No sweat production occurs in response to decreased body temperature as the sweat gland effectors remain non-functional. Further changes occur as the erector pili muscles of the skin contract raising the hairs in the skin thereby trapping an insulating layer of warm, still air right by the side of the skin. In humans, this mechanism is not very prominent and leads to the formation of goose bumps. Repeated contraction and relaxation of the skeletal muscles causes shivering in response to lowered temperature whereby heat generation occurs as a result of friction and other metabolic reactions. The endocrine glands like adrenal and thyroid glands become active causing secretion of adrenaline and thyroxine respectively that in turn accentuates the metabolic rate in various tissues in the body particularly like that of liver thereby generating heat (Houdas Ring, 2013). Therefore the homeostatic regulation of decreased body temperature in volves the interactions and interplay of various bodily organs with the hypothalamus as the chief regulator. Normal carbohydrate digestion results in glucose being absorbed into the blood and elevating blood glucose levels. Cells need to glucose to allow the body to utilize the carbohydrate in this form thereby aiding in the functioning of several metabolic reactions along with the physiological mechanisms. Glucose is responsible for storing of energy in the form of adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) that takes part in majority of the cellular processes. By virtue of cellular respiration glucose may also be broken down into ATP that in turn is again capable of being readily taken up by the cells in order to carry out various functions. Moreover glucose is considered as the chief metabolic fuel for the brain tissue particularly as the number of ATP molecules produced as a result of per oxygen consumption when glucose is completely oxidized to CO2 is quite high. Furthermore, glucose is the only molecule that is capable of supplying ATP even in absence of oxygen through the anaerobic glycolysis pat hway (Brosnan, 1999). The homeostatic feedback system is responsible for regulating the elevated blood glucose levels that gets activated in response to such metabolic alterations in the body. Elevated blood glucose level is detected by the pancreas that leads to the secretion of insulin from the ? cells in response. Insulin allows for the body cells to take up more glucose while the bulk portion is taken up by the liver thereby converting and storing them into glycogen. Ultimately this leads to the lowering of the blood glucose and the pancreas receives the signal for inhibiting the secretion of insulin (Ariyachet et al., 2016). Insulin is characterized of having the blood sugar lowering effect and is therefore considered as a hypoglycemic factor and its hypoglycemic action is achieved in the following manner. Insulin increases the permeability of different tissues to glucose so as to facilitate transport of glucose from blood to tissues. It helps in utilization of glucose in the c ells by stimulating glycogenesis (formation of glycogen from glucose), lipogenesis (conversion of glucose to fat) and oxidation of glucose for yielding energy. Insulin also inhibits formation of glucose through glycogenolysis and neoglucogenesis in liver and its entry into the blood (Brereton et al., 2014). Thus the glucose regulation is carried out by the pancreas along with the glucose receptor cells that are responsible for maintaining the blood glucose concentration in conjunction with the endocrine tissues of the Islets of Langerhans that maintain the glucose levels by virtue of secreting the hormones. Vitamins and minerals are important for body system health. Calcium and vitamin D are essential in the maintenance of bone health. Sources of calcium include milk, cheese, curd, hard water, lime, dark green leaves, carrot, cabbage and others. Besides this, the sources of Vitamin D include fatty fishes and their liver oils, dairy products such as chicken, egg, milk, butter and others. Furthermore Vitamin D is synthesized by the body and produced in the skin by exposure to sunlight. Calcium is an important constituent of bones and teeth and is responsible for imparting hardness, strength and concrete like module to them. They occur in the matrices of bone, dental enamel, dentin and cementum mainly as rod or platelet shaped crystals of calcium hydroxyapatites and carbon apatites. Vitamin D promotes the mineralization and remodeling of bones by coordinating the actions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in several ways. It enhances the retention and deposition of calcium in bones by inducing the synthesis of calcium binding proteins. It further stimulates the differentiation of osteoclasts and induces calcium carrier proteins in them enhancing bone resorption (Bouillon Suda, 2014). If there was a lack of either calcium or Vitamin d in the body, the bone health would suffer major consequences. Deficiency of Vitamin D would cause rickets in which malformation of bones take place in case of children and young, while osteomalacia would occur in adult where fragility of bones is common. Deficiency of calcium would have culminated in similar outcomes where tetany and dental decay would have been a common consequence characterized by neuromuscular hyperexcitability, muscle spasm, paresthesia (Zidenberg-Cherr, 2016). Thus calcium ions and Vitamin D play crucial roles in bone health. References Ariyachet, C., Tovaglieri, A., Xiang, G., Lu, J., Shah, M. S., Richmond, C. A., Shivdasani, R. A. (2016). Reprogrammed stomach tissue as a renewable source of functional cells for blood glucose regulation. Cell stem cell, 18(3), 410-421. Bouillon, R., Suda, T. (2014). Vitamin D: calcium and bone homeostasis during evolution. BoneKEy reports, 3. Brereton, M. F., Iberl, M., Shimomura, K., Zhang, Q., Adriaenssens, A. E., Proks, P., Gribble, F. M. (2014). Reversible changes in pancreatic islet structure and function produced by elevated blood glucose. Nature communications, 5, 4639. Brosnan, J. T. (1999). Comments on metabolic needs for glucose and thea role of gluconeogenesis. European journal of clinical nutrition, 53, S107-S111. Houdas, Y., Ring, E. F. J. (2013). Human body temperature: its measurement and regulation. Springer Science Business Media. Liedtke, W. B. (2017). Deconstructing mammalian thermoregulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201620579. Romanovsky, A. A. (2014). Skin temperature: its role in thermoregulation. Acta Physiologica, 210(3), 498-507. Zidenberg-Cherr, S. (2016). Nutrition and Health Info Sheet: Calcium.

Title Of Paper Soliloquies In Shakespeares Macbeth Essays

Title of Paper : Soliloquies in Shakespeare's Macbeth Grade Received on Report : 73% Even though people in retributive justice feel satisfaction, the perpetrator can also suffer. William Shakespeare's powerful Macbeth shows the deterioration of an honourable and respectable general, Macbeth, who becomes a tragic hero after temptations from the witches and his wife to perform murders. Macbeth soliloquies enable the audience to experience the conflict within Macbeth and thus, gain an understanding of the reasons for his behavior and decisions. As a result, the tremendous reversal of Macbeth's fortunes in the end leaves the audience filled not with pity, but also awe, at the realization that people can suffer greatly. Macbeth's soliloquies before the murder of Duncan shows the vigorous internal struggle of himself, as his conscience is fighting against his evil minds. Also, they shows Macbeth has brought his own downfall upon himself. The audience will then feel pity about Macbeth's deterioration brought by himself when witnessing his choice of following the evil. Macbeth is a courageous and honourable general in Scotland. His success in the battle against the invaders of Scotland gains respect from the King Duncan and his fellow soldiers. However, the demonic forces, symbolized by three witches, temptates Macbeth. The witches hail Macbeth as the Thane of Glamis and Cawdor who will be king and hail Banquo, who is a nobleman of Scotland and Macbeth's friend, as one who will become the father of a line of kings. Macbeth ambition deep in his heart starts growing at that time. In Act I, scene iii, when Macbeth is thinking about the fulfillment of the two prophecies given by the witches before, "My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical, shakes my single state of man"(I, iii, 139- 140) In this soliloquy, Macbeth reflects his idea about the "two truths" told by the witches. He is ambitious to become king, as he reacts nervously when the witches mention his fate. The very idea of murder "shakes his single state of man". However, at this! point, he is loyal to the king, and he rejects the idea of murder, "If chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me, without my stir."(I, iii, 143-144) The predictions by the witches may have strengthened the criminal intentions that he had probably never yet dared to express clearly, even to himself. He is not alliance with crime, he is neutral, but obviously temptation is working upon him. Yet, he might overcome the promptings of his evil ambition by an effort. After the battle, Macbeth is greeted with effusive thanks by Duncan. Duncan then announces that he will make Malcolm heir to the throne. In Act I, scene iv, Macbeth in his aside states that this announcement is a bar to his ambition and calls upon darkness to cover what he wishes to be done: That is a step on which I must fall down, or else o'erleap, for in my way it lies. Stars, hide your fires; let not light see my black and deep desires: The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be which the eye fears, when it is done, to see (I, iv, 49-54) As Duncan makes the announcement, Macbeth starts wondering if murder is the only way in which he can achieve the kingship. His ambition overcomes his finer nature. He calls upon the stars to hide their light, indicating that his "black" desires comes out, and he thinks it is too evil to be seen. Macbeth's image of the eyes' winking upon the work of the hand is expressive both of his intense aversion to the deed and of his intense desire to get what the deed will accomplish. At the same time his "let that be" marks the point at which his fascinated contemplation of the thought of murdering Duncan becomes a resolution, although he will waver from it. The opposition between eye and hand is indicative of the civil war within him. In Act I, scene iv, shortly after Duncan's arrival to Macbeth's castle, Macbeth gives voice to his feeling concerning the rashness and the awfulness of the projected murder: If it were done when ?tis done, then ?twere well it were done quickly. If th' assassination could