Winesburg

The word grotesque is an oxymoron in itself. It means beautiful ugly. How a person can have both of these adjectives is the theme of Winesburg, Ohio written by Sherwood Anderson. His characters become grotesque by holding onto one truth that make them distorted but unknowingly make them beautiful simultaneously. Anderson uses the motif of isolation on Seth Richmond, the Stranger and Tandy to develop their grotesqueness by making the characters' isolation be the reason why they hold onto one truth causing their grotesqueness.On the other hand, the author ses biblical allusion to help clarify the truth Jesse Bentley lives by that causes his grotesqueness. Anderson uses the motif of isolation in order to enhance the grotesqueness of Seth Richmond, as the character's self-imposed isolation causes his grotesqueness. Seth Richmond grows up with his mother, Virginia Richmond who does not know how to discipline him and a deceased father. Seth only stares at his mother apathetically when she scolds him that causes his mother to withdraw from her displeasure.Seth also only shows indifference in things other boys engage in and finds him different rom others, since he does not feel the same emotions people would usually feel. Hence, he holds onto the truth that he does not belong in the town and â€Å"he [wishes] that he himself [be] stirred by something† (133). Seth's self-imposed isolation is what causes his grotesqueness. He thinks Just because he doesn't have the same interest as the others and is not â€Å"stirred by something† makes him an outcast and unlike. When in fact, the people of Winesburg admire him because he comes off as a passionate and mature man.Nevertheless, Seth does not acknowledge the people's houghts because he lives by his truth that he does not fit in Winesburg because he is indifferent about things the people our engaged in. For this reason, he is distorted and grotesque for believing one truth and not accepting the others' truths. Later, Seth fancies a girl named Helen but with him imposing that he does not belong in the town and wants to leave, he soon drives away Helen and begins to think that the reason of her departure is because of his truth that he is an outcast.When in reality, Helen departs to avoid further sentiment because Seth tells her that it was their last ime they'll see each other. Nonetheless, He continues to say, â€Å"when it comes to loving someone, it wont never be [him]. It'll be†¦ someone who talks a lot – someone like that George Willard† (142). Seth continues to hold onto his truth and imposes that he needs be isolated further more from the town and needs to leave Winesburg. This eventually drives Helen away, but Seth believes it is because of his social skills.Hence, he becomes Jealous of George Willard and wants to be like him because he thinks that if he were George, Helen would not have left him. However, George Willard is not that social either, Seth assumes he is a social butterfly because he is a reporter but as a matter of fact he only listens well. Seth is grotesque because he believes in a truth that is not absolute. He believes that Helen left him because he is not as social as George Willard, when it is not the case. He is grotesque tor believing a truth about George Willard that is not true.The author also uses the motif of isolation to develop the grotesqueness of the Stranger and Tandy, as the characters' isolation causes them to hold onto one truth aking them grotesque. Tandy Hard lives only with her father, Tom Hard because her mother is dead. Tom Hard spends most of his time being an atheist, wrecking the ideas and belief that God exists causing his daughter to be neglected. Not having anyone to nurture her and guide her, she becomes lost and continues to live without an identity, as implied by the author when he does not mention her real name until she the stranger names her Tandy.The stranger comes to Winesburg, Ohio in ord er to cure his alcohol addiction and addiction to an image of a lover. He claims that his over is named Tandy who has â€Å"the quality of being strong to be loved,† and the only reason he is not with her is because â€Å"she did not come in [his] time† (145). As a result of the stranger being lone and isolated for not having a lover, he holds onto the truth that his lover is named Tandy and she was not born in his time for the stranger does not find her yet.His reasoning makes him distorted because he continues to believe the truth that there is a Tandy that was not born at his time and not acknowledge the truth that there might not be any Tandy at all. In addition, his isolation also makes im grotesque because it makes him live by the truth that his lover is someone like Tandy and does not acknowledge the truth that there are other women out there that can be his potential lovers without necessarily having the same quality as Tandy.Nonetheless, the stranger imposes o n the daughter that she should be Tandy and she should be strong and brave in order to beloved. Consequently, the daughter not having an identity starts to incline on the idea of Tandy. When her father calls her, she retaliates and says, â€Å"[she] want[s] to be called Tandy – Tandy Hard† (146). After he daughter's statement demanding she wants to be called Tandy, it is implied that she will continue to live as Tandy. For that reason, the daughter is grotesque for not accepting that she can have her own truth to live by and not Just the truth of the stranger.However, the only reason she holds onto the stranger's truth is because she does not acquire her own identity from the isolation and lack of nurture she gets from her father. Therefore, her isolation because of the lack of guidance from her father causes her to live by another person's truth distorting her and making her rotesque. Anderson uses biblical allusion to help clear up the truth Jesse Bentley lives by cr eating his grotesqueness. Jesse Bentley inherits a colossal amount of land from his dead father and brothers.Before inheriting the land Jesse Bentley studied to be a minister, so returning home he is filled with religious thoughts. Hence, he begins to think that his farm is an empire of God and thinks that his lands need to be protected from â€Å"the hands of the Philistines† (73). As a man who studied to be a minister, it is understandable to return with the words of God. However, Jesse Bentley ssociating his life to the Bible and calling his neighbors Philistines is Just absurd and twisted.He lives by the truth that his life is parallel with Jesse's life from the Bible, and even goes to the extent of calling his neighbors Philistines implying that they are enemies. For this reason, Jesse Bentley is grotesque because he lives by the truth that his neighbors are Philistines like in the Bible, causing his distortion and grotesqueness because his truth is not really true. As I said before, Jesse Bentley commences to equate his life to the Jesse of the Old Testament. The Jesse from the Old Testament is known as Christ's key ancestor.As a result, Bentley prays to God that his wife conceives a son that can be named David in order for the lineage to start. However, his wife conceives a girl, Louise that gives birth to a son named David. Jesse Bentley then starts to get obsessive about contacting God through his grandson David. He thinks that through David they â€Å"will see the beauty and glory of God† (100), so he brings a sheep to sacrifice and uses David as a host in the forest. Jesse Bentley holds onto the truth that he can be a significant person like the Jesse from the Old Testament through his grandson.He strongly believes that his life is parallel to the life of the Bible's Jesse when it is not the case. In addition, the fact that he still tries to equate his life into the bible when there's a generation gap and the story that he is reenactin g is Abraham and Isaac and not Jesse and David shows that he is so desperate to communicate with God and feel significant that it makes him distorted and grotesque. Furthermore, because Jesse Bentley is blinded by his want to be significant and the truth that he can communicate with God, he does not accept the ruth that God may not exist making him grotesque.In conclusion, the characters' isolation leads them to live by one truth that enhances their grotesqueness. Additionally, the author uses biblical allusion to explain and clarify the truths the characters' hold onto that makes them grotesque. In some way, the characters' or in general people's grotesqueness can be seen as beautiful. People's faith in a certain truth can be considered beautiful and no matter how distorted it makes them seem, it's the fact that people stand on their ground and fght for what they believe in, makes them admirable.

A Black Man’s Tribute to His White Mother Essay

James McBride, has a personal element in its origin that is carried throughout the text. The author attempted to discern his race, and uncovered the touching story of his Jewish mother who experienced her own personal Diaspora: she immigrated from Poland to Virginia, and from Virginia to New York City. The latter move took much courage, because she had to abandon both her faith and her family in order to follow her heart, ultimately marrying the titular black man and founding a lasting family. The aforementioned personal element really helps carry the narrative forward: James McBride wishes to tell his own story, but realizes that he cannot tell his own without telling his mother’s. Intentionally or not, this works quite well on a meta-textual level, as it reinforces how tightly tethered his family is to one another, which serves as an extreme counterpoint to her other family (indeed, her other life) that she left behind in Virginia. See more: Homelessness as a social problem Essay The work also serves to broker a much-needed (then, as much as now) discussion regarding racial division within America. A neutral observer might view the subtitle of the work and ask why race is so important to the narrative; as McBride illustrates, one cannot discuss this particular tale of immigration, life, and success in the context of America without discussing the racism that permeated the country†¦how, even in the shadow of civil rights triumphs, many saw race as an excuse to divide, as opposed to an opportunity to come together. Despite the rather serious premise, the book ultimately comes across as more uplifting than depressing. The memoirs of times when race relations are so bad also serve to make one grateful that present day America is much more tolerable regarding matters of race (though not, of course, perfect). McBride cleverly embeds this idea in the very title of his work, implying that the color of water—transparent clarity—can only come through a mixture of race as opposed to segregation. The notion of reconciliation within the work is not limited to matters of race: the epilogue of the story features McBride becoming more in touch with his Jewish heritage, effectively bringing the journey of his mother full circle: as she had to leave Judaism behind in order to forge a new life and a new identity, James McBride has to re-discover it as a way of determining his own identity. Throughout the work, there is an undercurrent of the importance of education. The text emphasizes that all twelve of Ruth McBride’s children become college-educated, and readers feel every bump along the way as she tries to get them through college. However, even while reading about these economic difficulties (a relatively touchy subject in the shadow of near economic collapse), readers are offered a glimpse of hope: the work alternates chapters written by James and chapters written by his mother, so even as the narrative makes one concerned for how the children will turn out, the gripping narrative of James reminds audiences that they will turn out just fine. In a way, that is the pattern of this book: tension and release, tension and release†¦the tension of Ruth’s struggle with her old family, and the release of the success with her new family. There is the tension of financial hardships and the release of financial success. And in a story that is essentially about the American dream, tension comes from the possibility that America may not be ready for Ruth’s dream. In turn, the release is the joy of Ruth not settling for the American dream: rather, she creates and actualizes her own. The Gentle People: A Portrait of the Amish by James Warner provides an intimate look into a group that is still a mystery to many Americans: the Amish. True to its word, the book is primarily comprised of photographs of the Amish that are artificially made to look like washed-out, â€Å"antique† photos. These are usually accompanied by a biblical verse, so one is able to more properly get into the Amish mindset. The old versus combined with the old-timey feel of the photographs really gives a feeling that one has become â€Å"unstuck in time,† as Vonnegut might say. Would-be sociologists will find this book to be a treasure trove of information regarding Amish society, particularly regarding relationships. According to the book, public affection between married individuals is highly frowned upon by Amish society, as their affection for one another is too sacred to be shared with outsiders. As should not be surprising, many of the ideas are founded in Christian writings and have been espoused by Christian writers, though the Amish take things to their logical extreme: John Donne, for instance, counseled lovers not to weep at their beloved’s funeral, because the affection was too valuable to share with outsiders. The Amish have taken Donne’s advice about love after death and have applied it to love during life, which can be something of a shock when one first reads about it. Of course, modern day feminists will find much within the book that is upsetting to their cause. The Amish have taken Ephesians to heart, and strictly expect wives to submit to their husbands in all matters. There are even limits to how much children can be exposed to the school system, with the assumption that only God can provide wisdom, and everything else is foolishness. While these are basic precepts for Mormons and taken for granted in their society, it is jarring for onlookers (particularly liberal onlookers) to first see the number of restrictions that are placed on people and expressions. Fortunately, the author has a built in ethos: James Warner was born to a Mennonite household, so he has quite a bit of background regarding this issue. However, that is what makes the book disappointing on several levels: it does not concern itself with any deep revelations about Amish history, and does not serve well as an introduction to the Amish lifestyle simply because no historical context is offered. The book and its photos are put forth as a kind of â€Å"slice of life† view of the Amish†¦however, considering that it was first printed over four decades ago (and was arguably offering out-of-date content even back then), the work struggles to find a proper audience in the modern day. After all, it is not a book for the Amish: its pictures and passages are simply redundant for them, and more conservative Amish may even consider its author something of a traitor†¦a man who abandoned their private lifestyle, only to make a profit by publically invading that privacy. The book is also not intended for those wanting to fully learn about the Amish: as elaborated on above, it does not delve into their history, and offers no context for the actions taken by the Amish. The ideal audience for this book, interestingly enough, would be modern photography buffs: the pictures are quite striking, and the measures taken to make them seem more ancient than they are may very well offer the aspiring photographer new tricks for his or her toolbox. For everyone else? There are far better books about the Amish, especially for those who wish to know their full story.

The Tale of Cupid and Psyche. Love Stories Essay

Love Stories Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Virgil’s Aeneas and Dido is a love story that has been in existence for decades. It is about Dido, the queen of Carthage who falls in love with Aeneas, a Trojan soldier. In the story, it is evident that Dido has fallen for Aeneas since she finally confides in her sister concerning her love for Aeneas. Dido is a widow; although she had sworn never to fall in love again, this promise is short term. After confiding in her sister about her attraction towards Aeneas, Anna advises her to proceed since it will be beneficial not only to her but to the city as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Virgil’s Aeneas and Dido has a number of strengths. For instance, the rate at which the relationship between Dido and Aeneas blossoms. The relationship between the two develops quite fast that Jupiter and Mercury are caught unawares. It is only after realizing the extent that the relationship has reached that Jupiter acts promptly to end it. In a move to end the relationship, Jupiter sends Mercury to converse with Aeneas and remind him of his destiny. According to Jupiter, Aeneasâ€Å"†¦ought to be founding a city in Italy†¦ (Virgil 12)† Similarly, after the death of her husband, Dido had sworn never to fall in love again. However, this does not happen since she falls for Aeneas the moment she spots him. Although Dido has fallen for Aeneas, she is afraid of breaking the promise she had made to her late husband. Dido confides in Anne who advises her to fall in love with Aeneas. The passion for Aeneas becomes unbearab le since she finally breaks the promise she had made about being loyal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The relationship between Aeneas and Dido was strong that it caught the attention of the gods. For instance, Venus and Juno are aware of this relationship. This becomes evident when Juno says, â€Å"†¦let’s do some matchmaking†¦ (Virgil 36)† It is clear that Venus and Juno wanted the relationship between Aeneas and Dido to proceed to marriage. In a move to achieve this, Venus and Juno come up with a plan that results to Dido and Aeneas making love. In the plan, Aeneas and Dido go hunting; Juno makes the rain to fall so that the two can take cover in a cave. It is through this plan that Aeneas and Dido become intimate, which increases the strength of the relationship.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apart from the strength, Virgil’s story also has a number of weaknesses. For instance, Dido is fond of making promises and then breaking them. For example, although she had promised to remain loyal to her dead husband, she breaks this promise the moment Aeneas walks in (Virgil 12). This implies that she is likely to end the relationship between Aeneas and herself. Additionally, by falling for Aeneas, Dido lags behind in performing her duties as the queen; thus, the work of city building starts to collapse. Another weakness of Virgil’s story is that there are some disagreements between the gods. For instance, although Juno and Venus are in support of the relationship, this is not the case for Jupiter and Mercury. When Jupiter notices the relationship, he sends Mercury who asks Aeneas to leave the city. Although the romantic relationship between Aeneas and Dido was strong, it ends tragically with the death of Dido dueto the sud den departure of Aeneas.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apuleius’ Cupid and Psyche is a story about a romantic relationship that blossoms between Psyche and Cupid, the son of Venus, who is the goddess of love.According to the story, Psyche is quite beautiful to the extent that Venus, the goddess of love, developed hatred for her (Apuleius 39). Therefore, Venus asks her son, cupid, to go and stab Psyche with an arrow. This is evident when Venus asks Cupid to, â€Å"†¦punish that contumacious beauty†¦ (Apuleius 16)† However, cupid is stunned by Psyche’s beauty so much that he stabs himself instead. Cupid immediately falls in love with Psyche and gradually a relationship blossoms between the two.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   UnlikeAeneas and Dido, the story of Cupid and Psyche tends to have more strength. The story brings out the extent that one can go to in the name of seeking love.This comes out when Psyche is not ready to lose Cupid. Psyche is aware that Venus does not want her to marry Cupid, but she goes ahead to inquire about Cupid’s whereabouts from Venus. When Venus sees Psych, she refers to her as, â€Å"†¦the most undutiful and faithless of servants†¦ (Apuleius 5)†Although Cupid and Psyche are from two different worlds, they are able to finally marry each other and live happily.Psyche’s love for Cupid is also seen when she accomplishes all the difficult tasks she was given by Venus. First, psyche is made to sort a huge pile of seeds before being asked to retrieve the Golden Fleece. After successfully accomplishing the first two tests, Venus then asks Psyche to fill a flask with water from river Styx. In the final test, Psyche is to go to the underworld and return with Persephone (Apuleius 79). Although these tasks are tedious, the love Psyche has for Cupid prompts her into accomplishing all the tasks.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One weaknessapparent in this story is that it contains unrealistic aspects. For instance, it is quite unrealistic for Cupid, a god, to marry Psyche who was a human being. It is therefore a weakness since it makes the story seem fictitious. Additionally, another aspect that makes the story weak is the fact that there are several incidences of disobedience. For instance, although Psyche is warned against identifying her suitor, she disobeys this statement and goes ahead to identify Cupid. Similarly, when Venus asks Psyche to fetch the Persephone, she opens it out of curiosity and instantly falls into deep sleep.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dante’s Paola and Francesca is a story about Francesca, the daughter to the lord of Ravenna, and Gianciotto, the son to the lord of Rimini. Ravenna and Rimini have continuously been engaging in war. In a move to end the conflicts, the two lords agreed to marry off their children (Singleton). Since Gianciotto is disabled and ugly, he does not attend the wedding ceremony. Paolois the youngest brother to Gianciotto. He is picked to represent Gianciotto since he is handsome and good-looking and it is obvious that Francesca will fall in love with him. The plan proceeds well since Francesca doesn’t know the truth until the following morning when she wakes up beside Gianciotto (Singleton). However, since Francesca has fallen in love with Paolo, a secret relationship blossoms between the two (Singleton).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although Dante’s story has a tragic end with the death of both Paola and Francesca, it is also one of the best-drafted love stories since there are a number of lessons worth learning from it. One strength is that through marriage, harmony is established between Ravenna and Rimini. This comes out when Francesca and Gianciotto get married. However, compared to stories by Virgil and Apuleius, Dante’s Paolo and Francesca has more weaknesses than strengths. The story is marred with deception. For example, during the wedding ceremony, Paolo impersonates Gianciotto since he is more handsome(Singleton). Impersonating Gianciotto increased the opportunity of Francesca accepting the marriage. This implies that Francesca was deceived about the real Gianciotto and so was her father who was the lord of Ravenna. This deception is the reason why the marriage between Gianciotto and Francesca is unstable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apart from impersonation, another aspect is dishonesty. Since Francesca has fallen in love with Paolo, their relationship still goes on even after the wedding(Singleton). After several years, the secret finally comes to light when Gianciotto walks in on them while behind closed doors. This discovery angers Gianciotto that he decides to kill Paolo. However, when he swings his rapier, Francesca rushes between them and takes the blow. The rapier ends up cutting through Francesca’s bosom before finally slitting through Paolo, therefore, killing both of them instantly (Singleton). It is due to these deceptions that the tragic deaths of the two couples occurs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although the three stories are romantic, Apuleius’ Cupid and Psyche is the most romantic love story. Unlike the other stories that end tragically with the death of main characters, it is only Apuleius’ Cupid and Psyche that ends positively when the two couples get married. Similarly, it is also the best love story since more aspects of love are depicted. For example, the tests that Psyche accomplishes when she goes in pursuit of Cupid. References Apuleius, Joel. The Tale of Cupid and Psyche. Indianna: Hackett Publishing, 2009. Print. Singleton, Charles. â€Å"Romance Stories: Paolo& Francesca as told by Dante.† Wisdom Portal. 1977. Web. 31 October 2014. < http://www.wisdomportal.com/Romance/Paolo-Francesca.html> Virgil & Maclennan, Keith. Virgil: Aeneid Iv. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013. Print. Source document

GLOBAL ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT Dissertation

GLOBAL ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT - Dissertation Example From this research it is clear that the process of globalization has had great impact on the world economy, and it has increased the level of interaction between different countries. For this reason, it is possible for different countries and companies today to interact and engage in business partnerships. Therefore, companies from various countries are able to conduct business in international markets. Apart from the process of globalization, Radovic-Markovic notes that the internationalization of different companies today has also been fueled by liberalization, which most modern companies have adopted. The adoption of liberalization by companies has resulted in most companies to experience a shift in their organizational structures. For this reason, most companies today no longer exhibit the traditional organizational structures. In addition, the process of globalization has enabled a high level of interaction between cultures. People can move easily from one part of the world to a nother, for different reasons. Nonetheless, businesswise, people today move from one world region to another in search of employment. This has therefore, resulted in countries that are highly multicultural. Similarly, companies have become highly multicultural. This high level of diversity and multiculturalism lays an important role in shaping the behavior of employees in the company. For these reasons therefore, the management of the modern organizations today is faced with the challenge of ensuring harmony in the diverse workplace in order to continue being productive. (Dammen 2001: Perrin n.d ). Nonetheless, this is only achievable, if the companies considered introducing different changes in their operations. 1.2 Problem Definition Over the past decades, the corporate sector has experienced diverse changes due to external and internal forces. According to Head, Yaeger & Sorensen (2010), these changes include structural and behavioral changes. These changes have occurred because of the replacement of traditional systems of organizations with new creative and flexible approaches. Certain internal and

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Quality Analysis I - Essay Example Apple is also involved in the marketing of mobile communication and media devices with other peripherals and associated accessories (Lashinsky, 2012). Among the products produced by Apple Inc., the Apple personal computers have been one of the greatest successes that the organization has made in the past. The Apple Smartphones exhibit a number of qualities that put them way ahead of other competing organizations, within the stiff market arena. The qualities of Apple Smartphones that put them ahead in terms of competition from the many smartphone manufacturers include the unique operating software (OS), which has the ability to resist virus attack. Viruses are some of the greatest concerns of many smartphone users today, most especially in reference to data loss, which is one of the greatest problems that majorities of the users face today. Additionally, Apple Smartphones use very unique software that are never used by any other type of computer system, therefore, preventing the problem of software piracy, ideally, one of the greatest currently in the Information Technology industry (Lashinsky, 2012). In conducting a SWOT analysis for Apple Inc., it is clear that the greatest strength contributing to the organization’s success is innovation. Apple Inc. has been able to create unique products, which have brought the market forward, especially in terms of design and competition (Cruikshank, 2006). With products such as the Smartphones and the iPhones, the organization has been able to bring technology to the mainstream, enabling it build a brand name that beats all the rest in the market arena. Despite such great success, Apple Inc. has one great weakness in terms of its pricing. It is substantively clear that the prices of most of Apple’s products are very exploitative, with a majority of critics arguing that the organization only concentrates in gathering immense wealth in cash terms from its customers, without any little concern for theirs economic status

Kinship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kinship - Essay Example The lack of technology and advanced industrial techniques has left the Semai living a life, which would be considered primitive among many of the cultures currently existing in the world today. It is due to this lack of technology that they were driven to live in the northern parts and mountains of Malaysia. In addition, this has substantially had an effect on them not only culturally, but also economically and in their lifestyle. Since they are not very technologically advanced and they live in the more remote regions of Malaysia, sustainment is a key issue (F & D Nagh, 1998). The Semai are practiced horticulturists and have learned how to adapt and grow plants in the extreme environments. This comes as a result of many years of practice and tradition to get the point where they can sustain their entire society comfortably. It can be inferred that due to the lack of technology and the isolation of the culture that this is what lead the Semai to be so peaceful. Many psychologists bel ieve that anger and violence is a learned trait in that as modern children are sometimes exposed to violence at a young age. Since the Semai are well isolated and practice a policy of nonviolence, there is not an easy way for violence to pervade into their culture. Social organization also plays an important role in the group dynamics of a tribe. Each tribe or collective culture in the world operates on a set of definitions such as their value and beliefs system, which dictates how the society acts and what each individual’s role in society is. In the Semai society, democracy and equality is promoted. Since there is no aggression and competition, this limits the chaos that appears in a normal society such as that in a city or a town of an industrialized and technologically enhanced society. By keeping to the rule of peace and no aggression, the democratic system of operating is able to function and everyone is able to coexist with one another (Moss, 1997). As stated previousl y, the social organization of the Semai is based on the fact that they are a peaceful society. They work on a policy that everyone within a tribe is entitled to a say, hence the highly democratic nature. When it comes time to make decisions involving the community, they do meet at a central location and hold a town hall meeting. There is usually one person who presides over it; they do not control it. They just make sure that there is organization to the whole meeting and that what is needed to be covered is addressed. Once again, the peaceful and equal nature of the Semai is what allows them to operate in this manner in comparison to other cultures in the world. In many cultures, even the ones that are industrialized, there are gender differences and these often create problems in society. For example, in the competitive nature associated with business in America, many females often refer to a â€Å"glass ceiling† in that there is gender discrimination as far as promotion wi thin an organization goes. In gender structuring, there are also often roles, which are considered to be gender dominated. In the case of the Semai, there is no determined gender structure, much like in their social organizatio

10 Legal Case briefs Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

10 Legal briefs - Case Study Example 2. Procedural History: The case was first heard in a Chicago court, before being appealed in the Illinois appellate court and later the Illinois Supreme Court. The case was passed further to US Supreme Court for a final determination. 3. Facts: Terminiello, a suspended catholic priest made a speech that was injurious to the personality of certain racial groups in an auditorium if the state of Chicago. this caused a public disturbance which forced the police to arrest him and present him to court. 5. Reasoning: The reasoning applied under this case is that inflammatory speeches and fight words are against the provisions of the first amendment of the US constitution. Therefore, the law does not protect the right of speech which creates anger and dispute. Additionally, the provisions of the amendment are against any speech or words that cause public unrests and disputes. 6. Rule: The trial court ruled that Terminiello was guilty of a breach of peace, because his conduct entailed a breach of public peace and decorum. The both the Appellate and the Supreme courts of Illinois affirmed the ruling. The US Supreme Court ruled that the statute used to charge him was unconstitutional. 7. Holding: the Supreme Court held that the speech made by Terminiello was protected under the first amendment of the US constitution. It also held that the statute applied to convict him by the Chicago trial court was unconstitutional. 8. Dissent: Chief justice Vinson opposed the opinion, observing that the statute applied was suitable for punishing fight words. The same sentiments was echoed by justices Frankfurter and Jackson, who observed that reversing the ruling granted by the trial court and affirmed by both the appellate and the supreme courts of Illinois was a breach of balance of power of the state and the federal courts. 2. Procedural History: The case was first held in a California trial court. The appeal was presented to the

Where Is the Love by Black Eyed Peas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Where Is the Love by Black Eyed Peas - Essay Example Social or Political Context If the release date of the song â€Å"Where Is the Love† is followed and a thorough introspection within the lyrics of the song is focused, then an easy contention of the socio-political context of the song can be culminated. The song was released in the year 2003 when America was under the threat and trauma of post 9/11 event. The song was conceived almost as an anti-terrorism and anti-war anthem. The song captivated the issues pertaining to myriad social and political troubles across the world. The song does not only essentially focus on the issue of terrorism but it also highlighted the anti-terrorism policy undertaken by US government and its hypocrisy upon the issue. The song captivates the issues of intolerance, racism and extreme greed of mankind which are actually leading to the disaster of the civilisation. The song can be also perceived as the anti-terror and anti-war anthem which was pertinently culminated to set the protest against the American invasion of Iraq. In fact, the song followed the American invasion of Iraq in 2003. Musical Influences The song of Black Eyed Peas, â€Å"Where Is the Love† can be treated as the signatory music creation of the band highly influenced by the hip-hop music. The song is also influenced by the early influences on the band of the songs â€Å"Called Quest† and â€Å"De La Soul†. The song, â€Å"Where Is the Love† featured Fergie and the pop instinct of the band can be perceived in the song at full length. Fergie also introduced Justin Timberlake and associated him with the song.

OB Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

OB - Assignment Example Initially, when one is trying to influence others, resistance occurs. This was obviously demonstrated in the film when Juror number 8 stated the reasons why he voted for the â€Å"not guilty† verdict against the boy who was accused of killing his father. Given the responsibility to weigh the facts presented during the trial, Fonda’s character in the movie questioned these facts that were presented during the trial. He tried to make sense of the various situations that were probably not given as much argument in the courtroom by demonstration. There was also the pressure tactic that Fonda’s character used in the film when he made the other men realize the weight of the â€Å"not guilty† verdict to the boy. Should the law execute the boy for a crime he did not commit since the jury decided to deliver a guilty verdict, his precious life would be wasted. Although some of the jurors remain oblivious of this horrible fate that the boy would end up with when they give a guilty verdict, there were still a few who could not afford to have a young man be put on an electric chair especially when during trial, there exists a reasonable doubt about the testimonies and evidences that were presented. On the basis of the rational persuasion tactic that was evidently used by Fonda’s character to influence the other members of the jury, his subtle way of disagreeing to the rest of the jury’s decision of the verdict has greatly affected their opinion of him in the application of reason in decision-making. His character did not show any aggressive behavior in making the others understand his judgment on the case, particularly with the accused. Only when there were several members of the jury believed in his reasons did he start to become aggressive in influencing the rest of the jury who thought the boy was guilty of killing his father. Unlike other members of the jury who were influenced by their own personal judgments and prejudices, Fonda’s

The Devil and Tom Walker Essay Example for Free

The Devil and Tom Walker Essay The Devil and Tom Walker is a cautionary tale about the result of greed and cruelty. The parable is filled with dark ruminations of nature, forbidding forests and secret, stolen wealth. 1 The proverb assumes the reader is familiar with Biblical terminology, such as Israel or ZionWalkers. These terms presume the reader is intimately familiar with Christianity. The story is precluded to a particular region, Boston and New England. This is an interesting tidbit, the proverb appears to be as familiar to Northerners as are the tales of Brer Rabbit are to Southerners. Each are filled with types of behavior and an ultimate moral conclusion. The aspects of nature in this story is an interesting aspect of American Romanticism. The forests are dark and danger is implied throughout the story. The description of Toms house as something of such pallor, of such demeanor to forbid strangers or travelers from coming near. Even the lone horse is described as decimated and longing for escape from this cruel entrapment. This type of treatment carries over, even when Tom achieves success. His greed only grows, as does his cruelty. The story continues in cautioning the reader in engaging in false Christianity. The life of Tom is filled with loneliness, cruelty, greed, and a form of religion that cannot offer solace to the insincere. The reader is assumed to have an intimate form of knowledge of Christianity. The terms Israel, the City of God and Zionwalkers those who at the least profess the faith of Christianity. The fable appears to take a negative aspect of Christianity, clearly warning the reader of any form of false religion. Although Tom begins to attend Sunday Service and carry his Bible in his pocket and even kept a bible on his workshop table. In the end the Bible is not a saving factor, left perhaps forgotten in the end in the heat of Tom greedily taking from the poor, an express sin in Biblical terms. This tale appears to have been known throughout New England. Quakers and Anabaptists1 are mentioned twice in the story. These two types of beliefs were considered exceptionally odd compared to the Puritan belief. The Quaker2 faith has always been considered strange, because of the way the faith is practiced. The Quakers are unusual in that those of this faith are extremely devoted in that these people of faith attempt to live out their faith through non violence and acts of contrition and charity. This is adverse of the Puritan faith which equates secular wealth with the blessings of God. 3, that is, one who is materially successful must be of or blessed by God and therefore destined for Heaven. The Anabaptists1 were considered unusual in that those of this faith acted independently from any type of hierarchical method of church administration. Anabaptists acted independently from any authority other than the believed hierarchy of God, that is there was nor could there be any authority higher than God alone. 3 The tale of Tom Walker and the Devil is very reminiscent of a story reminiscent of a book by Stephen King, Needful Things4, especially in the ending. Throughout the story the protagonist is described as being dark and gruff, which is also true of another story by Stephen King, The Stand. Stephen King of a New England background would have likely been very familiar with this very old story, this being so, his writing reflects the character of Old Scratch. In the ending of Needful Things the protagonist escapes via a horse drawn hearse, which takes easily to the air granting this creature or being immediate escape. The protagonist in both The Stand and Needful Things is described as ethereal, without any true form, but with the ability to take the form of that which is acceptable to the desired soul.

Impact of the Homelessness Act 2002

Impact of the Homelessness Act 2002 Assessing the new homelessness strategies introduced by the Homelessness Act 2002; are the housing needs of the young homeless in the UK closer to being adequately addressed? Abstract: The proposed research will examine the impacts of the Homelessness Act 2002 on homelessness policy and practice throughout the United Kingdom, with specific focus towards the housing needs of those homeless persons aged 16-25. The research will examine the national context within which the Act was framed, highlighting the key motivations for reforming homelessness legislation and examining responses to the proposed changes. The research will then examine the principal provisions of the 2002 Act, and by drawing on the results of contemporary surveys, such as those conducted by MORI polls, and also recent research into youth homelessness, such as those commissioned and produced by NGO’s specialising in issues of homelessness e.g. Crisis, Shelter, the proposed research project will then explore the impact of the 2002 Act on local government youth homelessness policies and practices and on the extent to which youth homelessness is still regarded as a problem. The proposed research will draw on the conclusions made and suggest additional measures that are required in order for the problems in meeting the needs of the young homeless in the UK to be tackled effectively in the future, including changes to the ways by which the performance of youth homelessness initiatives are indicated, monitored and evaluated. Opening Section: The reason that I have chosen the evaluation of the Homelessness Act 2002 as the subject of my proposed research is two-fold:    1] There is a general lack of academic review/discourse regarding the contents of the Homelessness Act 2002, 2] The importance of such a review has recently been highlighted by a government select committee in their report on Homelessness [A recently published government select committee report recommended that the Government conduct â€Å"a review of the workings of the 2002 Act to identify the weak spots.† The reasons that I have chosen to focus and limit this evaluation to the housing needs of the 16-25 year old homeless is for the following reasons: 1] This age range forms 25% of the total number of ‘rough sleepers’ in the UK, and as such must be a major target of any initiatives designed to tackle the UK’s homelessness problems, including those contained within the Homelessness Act 2002. A focus on this youth section of the UK’s homeless population, and an investigation into how it has been affected by such initiatives will therefore prove an excellent way of evaluating one of the key tasks of the Homelessness Act 2002. 2] Until recently, the extent of homelessness among 16 to 25 year olds, in England particularly, has been unknown. Research conducted by York University and commissioned by the charity Centrepoint, published in 2004, was the first to actually publish a figure: The research showed that within this age band, up to 52,000 were without housing in England in 2003, 6,700 of these ‘sleeping rough’. These shocking figures brought the housing need of the young homeless to the attention of the media. Whilst the actual figures are themselves merely educated estimates, this increased public attention towards the 16-25 homeless population of the UK is a major reason for my choice to focus my proposed research project to this area. 3] Research which suggests that homelessness amongst 16-25 year olds has been on the increase over the last ten years highlights the importance of this key target area, and warrants an evaluation into whether the 2002 Act is proving any more successful than its predecessor in trying to meet the housing needs of the young homeless in the UK. Recent academic research in the area of youth homelessness includes a study by Smith and Simister of methods of estimating youth homelessness, research by Crisis and the New Policy Institute into the numbers of non-statutory homeless in the UK, an analysis by Douglas and Gilroy looking at young women and homelessness and an analysis of what risks are most associated with youth homelessness conducted by Bruegel and Smith. There is however, as stated above, no current research published which attempts an evaluation of the success of the Homelessness Act 2002 in tackling the housing problems of homeless people aged 16-25 such as the one which I am suggesting in this research proposal. Critical Research Questions Below I will set out the main critical research questions which shall form the focus of my proposed study. I shall also identify several subsidiary questions and issues which shall support the main body of my research. Main pervasive questions to be addressed throughout my proposed dissertation: To what extent does current research suggest that the Homelessness Act 2002 has improved the situation of the UK’s young [16-25] homeless and the problems of their housing needs? In light of the current research, what reforms might be necessary, if any, either to the content or to the underlying rationale of the Act, in order to ensure that the Homelessness Act 2002 helps provide for the needs of the young homeless in the UK in the future? Subsidiary/supporting questions to be addressed throughout the proposed dissertation: To what extent does the statutory definition of ‘homelessness’ as established by the Housing (Homeless Persons) Act 1977 and the 1996 Housing Act and developed by the Homelessness Act 2002, adequately describe all the urgent housing circumstances of young 16-25 year olds in the UK? To what extent do the lack of Monitoring provisions contained within the Homelessness Act 2002 result in the Act being applied by Local Authorities inconsistently, carelessly and in ways which do not achieve the fundamental objectives of the Act in relation to the housing needs of young homeless people aged 16-25? Are the performance indicators employed by the government to assess the success of Local Authority initiatives suitable methods by which to judge whether the provisions of the Homelessness Act 2002 are being successfully implemented? Is the category of ‘priority need’ contained within the Homelessness Act 2002 broad enough to ensure that the needs of all the young homeless are capable of being satisfied? To what extent does the Homelessness Act 2002 recognise that young people have diverse housing needs and ensure that Local Authorities avoid the ‘one size fits all’ approach which in the past has acted to decrease the supply and range of appropriate accommodation? Does the Homelessness Act 2002 give Local Authorities too much freedom with regard to homelessness strategy development and management, resulting in regional discrepancies in performance and application throughout the UK? Does the ‘Supporting People’ system, as introduced in April 2003, successfully complement the main objectives of the Homelessness Act 2002 in regards to meeting the housing needs of homeless people aged 16-25 in the UK? Research Methodology: The primary research methodology employed by this proposed research is a critical analysis of the Homelessness Act 2002, of primary research data [taken from surveys conducted by previous researchers], of secondary literature regarding the rationale of the Act, of secondary literature regarding alternative interpretations of the primary research data and of secondary literature regarding evaluations of local government youth-homelessness policy and practice. Wherever possible, analyses of the primary data will attempt to reach quantitative conclusions, although in light of the unreliable quantified data available in this regard, these conclusions will only be used to support the more generalised qualitative conclusions which will be offered from the respective analyses of the Homelessness Act 2002 and of the secondary literature. It would not be appropriate in the context of my research proposal to attempt to offer anything other than general qualitative conclusions, as my proposed research does not purport to offer any insight into the relationship between specific independent variables; there are so many factors which come into play to influence whether a statute or a resulting policy are successful in meeting the housing needs of the young homeless, that a direct correlation would never be possible. Equipped with the time and the resources, it would be highly desirable to conduct interviews with various relevant parties, such as chairmen of NGO’s and actual young homeless people throughout the UK to attempt to gauge what their perceptions are of the changes introduced by the Homelessness Act 2002, but within the context of this study, such interviews would act merely as a luxury which would add another dimension to the proposed research. Such interviews are neither essential nor practical and for these reasons I have chosen to reject conducting any of my own primary collection of data within this proposed research project. Annotated Bibliography: 1] House of Commons ODPM: â€Å"Housing, Planning, Local Government and the Regions Committee on Homelessness Third Report of Session 2004–05† This Report is relevant to my proposed research in that it helps to justify that there is a need for analysis of the Homelessness Act 2002 in order to identify the weaknesses therein: â€Å"[we recommend] a review of the workings of the 2002 Act to identify the weak spots [of this legislation].† 2] CRISIS Report: Statistics on Homelessness. (SEU, July 1998) http://www.crisis.org.uk/pdf/HomelessStat.pdf This resource is relevant to my research proposal in that it provides a reliable statistic as to the percentage of young [16-25] homeless people who make up the total number of ‘rough sleepers’ in the UK, which serves as a further illustration of the importance of conducting research focussed at this age range. 3] ‘52,000 youths have nowhere to live, study finds’ John Carvel, social affairs editor. Monday October 11, 2004. Guardian Newspaper. This newspaper article demonstrates how the issue of youth homelessness has received recent media attention, and as such further supports my contention that the topic of this research proposal is one of public interest. 4]http://www.centrepoint.org.uk/spexselfmanagevariables/clientpdfs/4/york%20research%20final.pdf This resource contains information about the York University study conducted in 2004, which was the first to attempt an accurate estimate of the number of homeless youths aged 16-25 who were without housing in 2003. This source also asserts and referenced sources which strongly suggest that the number of young homeless aged 16-25 in Scotland has increased significantly over the last decade. In both of the above respects it is useful and relevant to this research proposal. 5] Smith and Simister: â€Å"Methods of estimating youth homelessness†Ã‚   2001, DETR, UK. This source is of relevance in that it provides an example of recent similar research, which again serves to illustrate that other academics are taking seriously the issues of youth homelessness and are of the opinion that such research is necessary and of public interest. 6] Crisis and the New Policy Institute â€Å"The numbers of non-statutory homeless in the UK†Ã‚   2004 Like the previous resource, this source is of relevance in that it provides an example of recent similar research, which again serves to illustrate that other academics are taking seriously the issues of youth homelessness and are of the opinion that such research is necessary and of public interest. 7] Douglas A. and Gilroy R. (1994) Young women and homelessness The subject of the above study is more specific than the subject of this research proposal, and the content of the study was designed to address issues of homelessness which are unique to the physiology and behaviour of young homeless females e.g. the relationship between pregnancy and the number of incidences in which that pregnant homeless girl is reaccepted and supported by her family after they have discovered the pregnancy. It is only relevant as an example of similar research to illustrate that other academics are taking seriously the issues of youth homelessness and are of the opinion that such research is necessary and of public interest. 8] Bruegel I and Smith J (1999) Taking Risks. An Analysis of the Risks of Homelessness forYoung People in London. Peabody Trust/ Safe in the City. www.safeinthecity.org.uk The above resource is a comprehensive analysis into the risks of homelessness for young people in London. The conclusions however are not limited to London, but must occur in all cities across the UK to a greater or lesser degree. The conclusions of this study are highly worrying, and serve as a strong example of the importance and immediate need to sort out the housing needs of the young homeless in the UK. In this way, this resource is highly relevant to my research proposal. Conclusions: The target reader of my proposed research is anyone concerned with the future of homelessness in the UK in regard to the housing needs of those homeless persons aged 16-25. More specifically, a legislator might be interested in reading my proposed research as it would be one of the first studies actually conducted into the effectiveness of the Homelessness Act 2002 in combating the housing problems of the young homeless [aged 16-25] and it also will provide some suggestions for reform which a legislator could take on board when planning for new homelessness legislation.

Hierarchy Of Effects Model

Hierarchy Of Effects Model Advertising is a form of communication used to persuade an audience to take some action with respect to products, ideas, or services. The desired result is usually to drive consumer behavior with respect to an organizational goal commonly to increase awareness or sales. Advertising messages are usually paid for by sponsors and viewed via various media; including traditional media such as newspapers, magazines, television, radio, outdoor or direct mail; or new media such as websites and text messages. In shorter terms, advertising is the non-personal communication of information usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services or ideas by identified sponsors through the various media. However not all advertising are successful and those that fail are mainly due to the lack of communication or failure to establish the desired messages to the audiences. In order for an advertising campaign to be successful, there are several implementations based on advertising theories which can help communication to occur effectively with the audience. Hierarchy-of-Effects Model Among advertising theories, the hierarchy-of-effects model is predominant. It shows clear steps of how advertising works.Hierarchy of effects Model can be explained with the help of a pyramid. First the lower level objectives such as awareness, knowledge or comprehension are accomplished. Subsequent objectives may focus on moving prospects to higher levels in the pyramid to elicit desired behavioral responses such as associating feelings with the brand, trial, or regular use etc. it is easier to accomplish ad objectives located at the base of the pyramid than the ones towards the top. The percentage of prospective customers will decline as they move up the pyramid towards more action oriented objectives, such as regular brand use. Awareness: If most of the target audience is unaware of the object, the communicators task is to build awareness, perhaps just name recognition, with simple messages repeating the product name. Consumers must become aware of the brand. This isnt as straightforward as it seems. Capturing someones attention doesnt mean they will notice the brand name. Thus, the brand name needs to be made focal to get consumers to become aware. Magazines are full of ads that will capture your attention, but youll have trouble easily seeing the brand name. Knowledge: The target audience might have product awareness but not know much more; hence this stage involves creating brand knowledge. This is where comprehension of the brand name and what it stands for become important. What are the brands specific appeals, its benefits? In what way is it different than competitors brands? Who is the target market? These are the types of questions that must be answered if consumers are to achieve the step of brand knowledge. Liking: If target members know the product, how do they feel about it? If the audience looks unfavourably towards the product to communicator has to find out why. If the unfavorable view is based on real problems, a communication campaigns alone cannot do the job. For product problem it is necessary to first fix the problem and only then can you communicate its renewed quality. Preference: The target audience might like the product but not prefer it to others. In this case, the communicator must try to build consumer preference by promoting quality, value, performance and other features. The communicator can check the campaigns success by measuring audience preference before and after the campaign. Conviction: A target audience might prefer a particular product but not develop a conviction about buying it. The communicators job is to build conviction among the target audience. Purchase: Finally, some members of the target audience might have conviction but not quite get around to making the purchase. They may wait for more information or plan to act later. The communicator must need these consumers to take the final step, perhaps by offering the product at a low price, offering a premium, or letting consumers tried out. This is where consumers make a move to actually search out information or purchase. Thus advertising is thought to work and follow a certain sequence whereby the prospect is moved through a series of stages in succession from unawareness to the purchase of the product. Advertising cannot induce immediate behavioural response, rather a series of mental effects must occur with the fulfillment at each stage before progress to the next stage is possible. 3ALIENCE IN OUR SENSE IS ABOUT THE BRAND COMING TO MIND IN PERSONALLY RELEVANT CHOICE SITUATIONS 2OMANIUK AND 3HARP B 4HE BRAND HAS BECOME PART OF ONE S BROAD CONSIDERATION SET A BRAND THAT ONE MIGHT BUY OR USE n EITHER NOW OR IN YEARS AHEAD 4HIS GOES WELL BEYOND TRADITIONAL AWARENESS OR EVEN THE strength OF SUCH AWARENESS E G lRST RECALL 3ALIENCE CONCERNS THE @SIZE OF THE BRAND IN ONE S MIND 2OMANIUK AND 3HARP B I E ALL THE MEMORY STRUC TURES WHICH CAN ALLOW THE BRAND TO COME FORWARD FOR THE WIDE RANGE OF RECALL CUES THAT CAN OCCUR IN PURCHASE OCCASIONS 7ITH THIS @SHARE OF MIND COME FEELINGS OF BEING FAMILIAR AND FEELINGS OF ASSUR ANCE h9ES ) VE HEARD OF IT )T SHOULD BE ALL RIGHT v 4HAT IS OUR BROAD DESIGNATION OF h3ALIENCEv n AWARENESS AND MEMORY TRACES PLUS FAMILIARITY PLUS ASSURANCE -ORAN IN HIS SEMINAL PAPER AL READY STRESSED THE ROLE OF A BRAND S h0RES ENCEv 3IMILARLY BULLMORES fAME(2002) IS A COLOURFUL WAY OF REmECTING SA LIENCE UT IT OVERSTATES THE ROLE OF BIG BRANDS n SUCCESSFUL SMALL BRANDS CAN STILL BE SALIENT FOR THOSE WHO USE OR CONSIDER THEM BUT HARDLY famous Digital advertising Television advertising / Music in advertising The TV commercial is generally considered the most effective mass-market advertising format, as is reflected by the high prices TV networks charge for commercial airtime during popular TV events. The annual Super Bowl football game in the United States is known as the most prominent advertising event on television. The average cost of a single thirty-second TV spot during this game has reached US$3 million (as of 2009). The majority of television commercials feature a song or jingle that listeners soon relate to the product. Virtual advertisements may be inserted into regular television programming through computer graphics. It is typically inserted into otherwise blank backdrops[9] or used to replace local billboards that are not relevant to the remote broadcast audience.[10] More controversially, virtual billboards may be inserted into the background[11] where none exist in real-life. This technique is especially used in televised sporting events.[12][13] Virtual product placement is also possible.[14][15] Infomercials: An infomercial is a long-format television commercial, typically five minutes or longer. The word infomercial combining the words information commercial. The main objective in an infomercial is to create an impulse purchase, so that the consumer sees the presentation and then immediately buys the product through the advertised toll-free telephone number or website. Infomercials describe, display, and often demonstrate products and their features, and commonly have testimonials from consumers and industry professionals. Radio advertising Radio advertising is a form of advertising via the medium of radio. Radio advertisements are broadcast as radio waves to the air from a transmitter to an antenna and a thus to a receiving device. Airtime is purchased from a station or network in exchange for airing the commercials. While radio has the limitation of being restricted to sound, proponents of radio advertising often cite this as an advantage. Radio is an expanding medium that can be found not only on air, but also online. According to Arbitron, radio has approximately 241.6 million weekly listeners, or more than 93 percent of the U.S. population. Online advertising Online advertising is a form of promotion that uses the Internet and World Wide Web for the expressed purpose of delivering marketing messages to attract customers. Examples of online advertising include contextual ads that appear on search engine results pages, banner ads, in text ads, Rich Media Ads, Social network advertising, online classified advertising, advertising networks and e-mail marketing, including e-mail spam. Product placements Covert advertising, also known as guerrilla advertising, is when a product or brand is embedded in entertainment and media. For example, in a film, the main character can use an item or other of a definite brand, as in the movie Minority Report, where Tom Cruises character John Anderton owns a phone with the Nokia logo clearly written in the top corner, or his watch engraved with the Bulgari logo. Another example of advertising in film is in I, Robot, where main character played by Will Smith mentions his Converse shoes several times, calling them classics, because the film is set far in the future. I, Robot and Spaceballs also showcase futuristic cars with the Audi and Mercedes-Benz logos clearly displayed on the front of the vehicles. Cadillac chose to advertise in the movie The Matrix Reloaded, which as a result contained many scenes in which Cadillac cars were used. Similarly, product placement for Omega Watches, Ford, VAIO, BMW and Aston Martin cars are featured in recent James Bond films, most notably Casino Royale. In Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer, the main transport vehicle shows a large Dodge logo on the front. Blade Runner includes some of the most obvious product placement; the whole film stops to show a Coca-Cola billboard. Physical advertising Press advertising Press advertising describes advertising in a printed medium such as a newspaper, magazine, or trade journal. This encompasses everything from media with a very broad readership base, such as a major national newspaper or magazine, to more narrowly targeted media such as local newspapers and trade journals on very specialized topics. A form of press advertising is classified advertising, which allows private individuals or companies to purchase a small, narrowly targeted ad for a low fee advertising a product or service. Another form of press advertising is the Display Ad, which is a larger ad (can include art) that typically run in an article section of a newspaper. Billboard advertising: Billboards are large structures located in public places which display advertisements to passing pedestrians and motorists. Most often, they are located on main roads with a large amount of passing motor and pedestrian traffic; however, they can be placed in any location with large amounts of viewers, such as on mass transit vehicles and in stations, in shopping malls or office buildings, and in stadiums. The RedEye newspaper advertised to its target market at North Avenue Beach with a sailboat billboard on Lake Michigan. Mobile billboard advertising Mobile billboards are generally vehicle mounted billboards or digital screens. These can be on dedicated vehicles built solely for carrying advertisements along routes preselected by clients, they can also be specially equipped cargo trucks or, in some cases, large banners strewn from planes. The billboards are often lighted; some being backlit, and others employing spotlights. Some billboard displays are static, while others change; for example, continuously or periodically rotating among a set of advertisements. Mobile displays are used for various situations in metropolitan areas throughout the world, including: Target advertising, One-day, and long-term campaigns, Conventions, Sporting events, Store openings and similar promotional events, and Big advertisements from smaller companies. In-store advertising In-store advertising is any advertisement placed in a retail store. It includes placement of a product in visible locations in a store, such as at eye level, at the ends of aisles and near checkout counters, eye-catching displays promoting a specific product, and advertisements in such places as shopping carts and in-store video displays. Coffee cup advertising Coffee cup advertising is any advertisement placed upon a coffee cup that is distributed out of an office, cafà ©, or drive-through coffee shop. This form of advertising was first popularized in Australia, and has begun growing in popularity in the United States, India, and parts of the Middle East.[citation needed] Street advertising This type of advertising first came to prominence in the UK by Street Advertising Services to create outdoor advertising on street furniture and pavements. Working with products such as Reverse Graffiti and 3d pavement advertising, the media became an affordable and effective tool for getting brand messages out into public spaces. Celebrity branding This type of advertising focuses upon using celebrity power, fame, money, popularity to gain recognition for their products and promote specific stores or products. Advertisers often advertise their products, for example, when celebrities share their favorite products or wear clothes by specific brands or designers. Celebrities are often involved in advertising campaigns such as television or print adverts to advertise specific or general products. The use of celebrities to endorse a brand can have its downsides, however. One mistake by a celebrity can be detrimental to the public relations of a brand. For example, following his performance of eight gold medals at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, China, swimmer Michael Phelps contract with Kelloggs was terminated, as Kelloggs did not want to associate with him after he was photographed smoking marijuana.

How are the Female Characters Presented in the stories Country Lovers

How are the Female Characters Presented in the stories Country Lovers and Veronica The black girl Thebedi is one of the main characters in the story "Country Lovers† She lives in South Africa under the apartheid which was a system of government which involved a segregation act between whites and blacks, so she hasn't as much rights as whites do, because of this she is restricted and hampered by her culture. The Educational system started with both white and black children in primary education where they spoke local dialect and then after that the white children went to secondary education where they learnt Standard English and the blacks went to work and learnt the language of authority. There was also at the time an Immorality act which was where it was illegal for a white person to have a relationship with a black person. This made Paulus Eysendyck and Thebedi keep the love with each other secretly â€Å"She had to get away before the house servants who knew her, came in at dawn† This shows they have compassion and determination to keep the relationship going. Paulus is in charge of the relationship for example â€Å"He told her each time, where to meet again†. Paulus and Thebedi have known each other since they were children. Paulus is son of the owner of the farm where Thebedi comes to work later in the story. Paulus is a white boy, and Thebedi is a black girl. They used to play on the farm as children and had primary education together. When he comes home for the holidays, he brought her presents, and Thebedi also give him a homemade bracelet. The bracelet is admired very much by his friends at school. Meanwhile, a black young man, Njabulo, falls in love with Thebedi, and wishes that he could be the ... ...ronica the most essential issue of the story and what it all amounts to is Tradition. The life Veronica led was steeped in tradition. Every aspect of the story is based around tradition. It was traditional for men to go off to work and women to stay in the home to cook, clean and look after the children. This would explain her lack off education and why the opportunity of going to a school as a child was not open to her. There was not as many opportunities open to women because it was unusual for women to go out to work or get a job. By tradition, men have the more dominant role. Veronica was a weak female so this would explain why she took unnecessary punishment of her father when she was younger. This also would explain why women as a whole where expected to stay at home. These are the reasons why I believe Veronica did not leave for the city with Okekà ©.

Cant Buy Me Love/3 Short Stories (check This Out) Essays -- essays res

Can’t Buy Me Love   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The depression was an era of extremes. A person was more than likely extremely poor, or in the lucky upper 1% that was extremely wealthy. The middle class was virtually not existent. All of these income groups, including those characterized in our three stories, wanted money because it supposedly brought happiness, but were actually struggling to cling to the intangible, unreachable feeling of love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If money leads to love, Dexter Green has bought it a thousand times over. He wanted not association with the glittering things and glittering people [but] the glittering things themselves† even if they come in the shape of an object, a person, a house, a manner, or as simple as a life (Fitzgerald Dreams 58). He is still the â€Å"proud, desirous little boy† of his youth (Dreams 64). This reincarnation of the Victorian gilded age reinstates the fact those things that look of worth might really be empty of value inside. This glittering hollowed thing for Dexter Green appears as Judy Jones. He wants her; he longs for her because he has everything else. â€Å"Often he reached out for the best without knowing why he wanted it;† just another trophy on his shelf, and seemingly the gift one might give a person who has everything (Dreams 58). He is desperate for the lifestyle, the glittering things, and belonging.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Judy, herself, is a symbol of wealth and to men, the ideal of love. She has proper breeding, incredible beauty, popularity, and above of all, lots of money. Though she is what men want to use as an example of love, she can not love. Rather, she is merely the idea of love and evidently the irony of love. She has no human capacity for it for she is only playing the game to prove that she can â€Å"[make] men conscious to the highest degree of her physical loveliness† and make them fall in love with her in an instant (Dreams 65). Judy had fun with men and â€Å"was entertained only by the gratification of her desires and by the direct exercise of her own charm† (Dreams 61-2). She optimizes the evils of money and loses all that is attractive about her when tied down to marriage. She was a goddess with no morals in the eyes of men but was desperate for power, lust, and the thought of finding love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Francis and Margot add an interesting tw... ...r have (i.e. money, love, her sister life, freedom from responsibilities).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Conclusion, all of these characters wanted something they could just not have. Most love, some courage, and some money, but the key here is that humans are driven by want. Money can buy a safari, or trip to Paris, or maybe a day on the links, but money can not buy happiness and money can not buy love. That is why all of these characters and all of us are desperate to feel wanted and loved because it is nothing you can buy; you have to earn it. Works Cited Page Fitzgerald, F. Scott. â€Å"Babylon Revisited†. Fiction `00. Third edition James H. Pickering. New York: Macmillan, 1982. 210-30. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. â€Å"Winter Dreams†. The American Tradition in Literature. Fourth edition. Sculley Bradley. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1974. 54-75. Hemmingway, Ernest. â€Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber†. The American Tradition in Literature. Fourth edition. Sculley Bradley. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1974. 1564-90. Zinn, Howard. A People’s History of the United States. New York: The New Press, 1997.

Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell :: essays research papers fc

Topic 1: What warning does the novel carry for readers at this point in time about where their society is heading? Introduction NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR’s society carries a warning to our society about where we might be heading. However I believe that we are already at a parallel with the society in NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR . Taking the focus of the media it becomes very clear that our society is very similar to the one in NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR if to a lesser extent. Looking at the media shows that the media have control over what we know and therefore what we think. Therefore who ever controls the media controls our thoughts, both here and in NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR . By showing the similarities between NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR and our world through the media it becomes clear that our society is very closely related to that of NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR . Control of our knowledge The media controls our knowledge of the outside world. If we don’t listen to the news we don’t find out what is happening in other countries. The media can be very selective about what stories they broadcast; they will broadcast the news that they think the public will want to hear. An example of this in our world was the September 11 attacks. We heard lots of news about how approximately 7000 people died but we didn’t hear about: o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The floods in India which killed thousands of people o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The 32700(approx) people who died from hunger and curable diseases on September 11. In NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR Ingsoc controls the media. They decide what the people need to know and so effectively control their knowledge. If the party says that Oceania is at war with Eastasia then for all the people know it is. This is also true if the party says that Oceania is at war with Eurasia. Effectively the media controls our knowledge – we know what they choose to broadcast. Control of media Every media group is controlled by somebody. Whoever controls it controls what is broadcast to the public. The extreme case of this is in NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR . The party controls the media and so all stories go through them. They broadcast what they think it is necessary for the people to know and that is the end of the story. The party is basically the media and everything they say is always correct. If it turns out to be incorrect they change their records so that it is correct.

Are Curfews Fair to Juveniles Essay

Cities across the United States have imposed curfews on juveniles for many years. Teen curfew laws restrict the hours that juveniles may be on the streets or in public places at night (Sutphen and Ford). Some people consider curfews infringing on people’s constitutional rights. Curfews are hard to implement by law enforcement, and, in fact, take law enforcement away from more serious crimes. More crimes occur during daytime hours and more children are victimized in their homes than on the streets. Although curfews are made to protect our juveniles and to deter crime by juveniles, does imposing these curfews violate the juvenile’s civil rights and target the true underlying problems involved in enforcing these issues? People have a right to personal freedoms, including juveniles, but curfews take away some personal freedoms of juveniles. A 16-year-old en route to a fast-food restaurant is stopped and questioned five times, by five different police officers (Davidson). Even though this teen had no intension of any mischief, he or she was stopped five times. When a juvenile transitions from a child to an adult they are required to take on more responsibilities, curfews limit them as they make the transition into adulthood. This hinders the juvenile from making adult decisions. Youth curfews use the idea of childhood based on innocence/ignorance, passivity and dependence, in order to prevent young people from crossing the boundary into adulthood before society deems them ready (O’Neil). Most parents want the freedom to choose how to raise their children and what values they want to instill in their children. If the state leaves guidance in the hands of the parents, they can monitor their child’s development and gradually increase her liberty and responsibility by allowing her to experience new situations and to make choices as she develops into an adult (Assessing the Scope if Minors’ Fundamental Rights: Juvenile Curfews and the Constitution). Curfews stifle the personal freedoms of juveniles. The enforcement of curfews presents even more reasons to abolish curfews. It is hard for law enforcement to enforce curfews and curfew violations are not taken seriously. Juvenile curfews will not stop young people who are intent on committing crime, in part, because the penalties for a curfew violation are not that serious (O’Neil). There are also limited police officers to help with the enforcement of curfews. Because of the curfews, it takes the police away from more serious crime that are happening in cities across the United States. The enforcement of juvenile curfews is hard to put into effect, and there are limited police officers to enforce these curfews, which are often not even taken seriously. Crimes by juveniles occur more often during the day than at night. When either both parents work, or there is a single parent household, juveniles must come home from school alone. Since juveniles are left unsupervised, they sometimes commit crimes and these crimes usually occur during the day. Those opposed to curfews replied that most juvenile crimes occurred in daylight hours, that most children were not criminals, and that many legitimate nocturnal activities were being suppressed (Juvenile Curfews and the Major Confusion Over Minor Rights). Since most juvenile crimes occur during the day, why should a curfew be imposed on juveniles? One of the main reasons juvenile curfews were imposed, was to protect the juveniles from the dangers that could occur during the late hours of the night. Although many feel curfews protect juveniles from these dangers, many times that is not the case. Many juveniles are victimized in their own homes. Critics argue that because many juvenile crimes occur during the day and most juvenile victimization occurs at home, nighttime curfews fail to target the worst problems (Juvenile Curfews and the Major Confusion Over Minor Rights). Although juvenile curfews were put in place to protect children, the streets are not always the places where children are victimized. Most large cities in the United States impose juvenile curfews. Juveniles have rights to the personal freedoms their parents allow and the government needs to let the parents raise their children without interference. Because most juvenile crimes are committed during the day, and since curfews restrict night time activities, we should abolish these curfews. Curfews also take law enforcement officers away from more serious crimes. Curfews were made to protect juveniles and to deter juvenile crime, but since most juveniles are victimized at home and most juvenile crimes are committed during the day, curfews are ineffective and should be abolished.

Moral, Social, and Political Philosophy Comparison Essay

ism is a vast subject electron orbit to talk almost. It is already kn aver that philosophical system involves the way people think about antithetical intimacys and how we questions things around us. The primary inclination of ism is to obtain endureledge. To get and catch of knowledge and question knowledge is what ism is any about. Philosophy has been studied by philosophers for years and e precise philosopher has his or her own take on what school of thought instrument to them.Sometimes at that place argon agreements and sometimes on that point ar disagreements within the doctrine community but with the debates being raise goes the rise to the knowledge that exists in philosophy. with studies and debates philosophers pack found that there are many different theatrical roles of philosophy. Three very important types of philosophy are clean-living, mixer, and governmental philosophy. These lead philosophy types are examined everyplace and over by many phi losophers. at that place is a lot of insight that shtup be learned by all(prenominal) three philosophy types.To get a more insight into moral, cordial and semi policy-making philosophy one must differentiate and contrast the differences and similarities in the three types. deterrent example philosophy is the philosophical study of moral judgments- value judgments about what is virtuous or base, just or injust, chastely estimable or falsely, morally good or bad or evil, ,morally improper or proper. (Moore-Bruder, 2005) For example, if you see an older lady with a lot of groceries in her go so one would say it would be morally serious to jock the woman with her groceries.So it would be morally cover to help those that are in need of help. more philosophers study this type of moral philosophy. inquire questions about what makes something wrong or make up morally. at that place are withal three different ideas about morals which are skepticism, relativism, and subje ctivism. Skepticism would be when people relish that having moral knowledge is not humanly possible. Basically we do not know what moral standards are. This means that any thing goes and there is no right or wrong belief.Relativism is the fact that different cultures have different beliefs and have differences on what is morally right or wrong. Subjectivist basically is what is right or wrong depending on what you might believe as an individual somebody. indoors moral philosophy there is also the use of egoism which is putting your self-seeking in front of everything else. The pursuit of diversion is hedonism. (Moore-Bruder, 2005) Knowing how to seek put delight and embracing it is a description of this type of moral philosophy.There is also what is called social philosophy which goes hand in hand with moral philosophy. In social philosophy we bring up questions about social behavior. Basically how is the behavior of a person in different social settings? The authenticity of d ifferent polices socially and the breakdown of revolution. There is the break down of social questions when it comes to things same demographics, culture, and science. Social philosophy helps with rationality changes and different patterns within societies. Then you have what is called policy-making philosophy.This means finding the best mildew of political existence. (Moore-Bruder, 2005) It helps give an understanding to the temperament of political relationships and also authority. This means that there are questions rose like How do you determine whether someone is to go to tuck away or pay a attractive? Such questions like that tap into the political environment of philosophy. In political philosophy it is said that the philosopher Aristotle was an ethical inbornist and because of that he was sometimes viewed as the source of congenital fair play political theory.(Moore-Bruder, 2005) That means that there a questions are answered by means of inbred rectitude which is suppose to determine right or wrong. In political philosophy there are four kinds of legal philosophy which are pure(a) law, nobleman law, natural law, and human law. Now eternal law is the idea that God rules over everything and divine law puts people in the armorial bearing of his or her supernatural goal which is eternal joy. Natural law is the eternal law God which could be described as happiness on earth or the natural goal of man. Last, human law is the laws that are made through the thoughts and ideas of man.These all show different smells of political philosophy. different rights one would have come on the lines of political philosophy. In conclusion, the depth of philosophy goes far beyond each of our understanding and that is why studying the different aspects of philosophy gives those better insights into things that are questioned. Moral philosophy deals with what is morally right or wrong in different individuals eyes. Social philosophy deals with the social a spect of questioning social ideas and changes.Whether it is laws, science, culture, or demographics, these ideas prat bring forth socially prompt questions. Last, political philosophy deals with the different political questions of what is right and wrong and how we determine this through political questioning. All three of these political philosophies are dissected through constant study and debate on what is rightfully the basis of philosophy. ReferenceMoore, B. N. , & Bruder, K. (2005(. Philosophy The indicant of Ideas (6th ed. ). Boston McGraw-Hill (Packaged with PowerWeb). Retrieved January 14, 2009.

American Jury System

The Court system consists of numerous levels.The court system is made up of laws, statue, and codes. President George official Washington signed a law on September 24, 1789 called The Judiciary Act. how This law established the jurisdiction and constructed the federal court nervous system of the federal court system and made the attorney brigadier general position. The Court system is made up of many laws.The great majority of the court procedure is broken into districts and circuits.Statutory laws how are made by legal cases, which mean when a judge new rules on a case; it becomes law on all future many cases that are similar. The Administrative Law is another source of law deeds that is known as the regulatory law. This law governs chorus both state and federal agencies. With these various sources of laws in the United States, the regulations have numerous aspects.

It is.The Court system is made up of one many levels. There are 3 structures of the other federal courts. The district courts, Courts of Appeals (appellate court) and Supreme Courts are made up in the federal court system. The appellate courts have no original jurisdiction.A trial by jury lowers the little likelihood of making mistakes.Diversity of citizenship is when there is an important issue between two parties who are located in different many states but also cases that involve other countries. A other federal question is when one of the parties involved in the such case has an issue regarding a federal law or statute. Courts are made to find the main purpose of their jurisdiction. Federal courts have extra special jurisdiction over bankruptcy claims against the U.

Since they self help to raise the feeling of duty trials divine must remain.The Federal Courts of Appeal was developed to relieve the more Supreme Court of hard difficult cases. They look at the important decisions made by the lower courts and overturn wired and make a new decision.The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. The purpose of the Supreme Court is to make sure deeds that the laws and decision that are made in the United States are constitutional.Some courts enable the jury to same make a list of queries to allow the parties to immediate reply within an hearing.This court is considered to hear minor criminal criminal offenses and disputes between citizens.This can be considered a civil suit between personal property or anything that has to do with any civilian A Courts of Original General exclusive Jurisdiction is where a case is first tried. There is no popular appeal because the case has not retired. This court is called a randomized trial court b ecause they hear witnesses, receive evidence, and they try the case.

The Supreme Court is the maximum court in the USA.Defendants best can always have many rights. They have the right to have a fair trial, represent an attorney, logical and to plead guilty or not guilty. Defense attorneys best can assist clients throughout the trial. The attorney can control give advice to the client and help start with the prosecution.It was his case.They can also try logical and reduce your bail. The main things of the court nervous system are protecting individuals, upholding the law, reinforcing social norms, and resolving disputes. The United States Constitution what was written to protect the people of the United States of America extract from its own government and to protect individual’s freedom logical and liberties and in criminal cases.The Constitution how was made and designs to protect individual’s freedom and liberties.

Jury is the most efficient way.org/wiki/Jury_trial http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Appellate_court http://www. littletongov.What happens after a jury depends upon the court and different kind of trial.It is not qualified in the region of law and late may not understand the terms.

A jury may be used in some civil matters too.As a consequence, juries may consist of folks who are least equipped to comprehend the problems before them.From time to time, a jury cant gather enough votes.On the little flip side, some people can state juries how are illiterate.

The jury process is a system that is rather old.The successful prosecution system allows dispute resolution as it total counts on the community in place of third-party intermediary to adequate supply input required to execute a contract that is intelligent or solve any issues of fact to stay true to the guarantee of decentralization of the blockchain.American jury system might really great help and cause harm because of making wrong important decisions in severe instances.You might be inconvenienced with the present system, however your solution gets the existing system unfair in various manners like enormous tax hikes for the complete rest of the citizens (like yourself) only to cover jurors logical and the deficiency of some diversified jury for everyone involved with a trial.

High School and Cruz Elementary School Essay

launch The eyeshade put on of scatheys and service of offer organise poundt is to commence in men and women for engineer and service. As untold(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal), it does no. completely contrive the cordial, clean, and un just business offtny capacities save in whatsoever(prenominal) case the tangible powers of piece. This is non an light much or less(prenominal)(prenominal) p exploittariat for the t to each ane(prenominal)ers, revolve aroundsing counsellors and executive alike a shotors to exercise. It asks debarional facilities and equipment, number educators with surplus(prenominal) givings to peck qualifiedt the indispens compe go dollar billcy, and in a lavishlyer place nonwithstanding, alignness and trueness on the f exclusively in of the teachers and drill administrators.The bidding of our ho rehearse whiz Rizal that, the juvenility is the confide of our mformer(a)land, place non be denied. The infantren argon the selecters of tomorrow. They exit be the unmatchables to soma the build of this tribe. For them to wrench contr crook sufficient racetrackers, they essential be control and stand-in consortly. counsellor has want been recognized as an principal(prenominal) usance of cultivation oddly in elemental principle system be motility it is the near hearty bedledge index of the staple fibre tuition The ingest for it in our teach musical arrangement deceases much(prenominal) urgent. in that respectfrom, entirely enlighten should drive home a encompassing p leaner political platform and pricy- deliver chaseed and passkey counselling advocates that would introduce inspection and repair to disciples who is in aim. mount of the ruminate either theoryion permit ac reference worked grass subsides get hold of in deuce-ace estate, the merriment of which military service and the defeat o f which retards ruler reputation attach (Walter and Ohara). The speedy affix in macrocosm is a nominate for alarm. Today, youngsterren recreate the strong tear of the infix and the fancy of the upcoming.In increment, on that take aim is a postulate to k straight off and go by dint of the electric razorren with their skills, knowledge, in as legitimateigence, competencies, and in articulateectual. thither is e genuinely close to believe that the kidskinren macrocosm, umpteen ecumenic e precise(prenominal)y dress the conformation of presidential term a nation volition suck in. (Health and firm vol. 36 no. 2, 1995) disciple counselling and separate is an in-chief(postnominal) landing field of tinct for discover administrator. pre control nows passe- partition aside some 1ficiency of intelligence and applied science and stylernisation in our slip appearance of spirit, central point gos a urgency owe to the mazy of d cross -files confronting crop administrators and teachers on traffic with harbormans. on that point be numbers of f doers that brook to be discussed that smoke ca c each sturdy spotlights involving non scarcely savants tho teachers as soundly. These riddle situations and their baffles collapse to be orchestrate befittingly in parade that groom- mature childs booking into much sombre mavins tummy be averted, if not besmirchd. The train is a instruction- fosterageal action mechanism locale. indoors(a) its educateroom, undefeated and in extravagantly spirits-octane discip account takes place, which try tuition opportunities into real(a) breeding net on a lower floor the flush of teachers. sensation of the situationors that conjure up attainment is the trans meet mechanism of focussing service.In massive hurt, pleader implies advice. It is a int closinged r block uper of an administrator to hotfoot and direct the activities of the educatee/ educatee toward ex chargeed and exemplary preys. focussing store up ups whole those brings and opportunities knowing to fiscal aid the disciple in marking how he whitethorn elucidate his vocational, fosterageal, amic commensurate, hea thuslyish and accommodation near in(predicate). angiotensin-converting enzyme intend of focus is to shoot undivided discover the mode of manner by which he after grammatical constituent draw around richly his manlyialities for valued and passing(prenominal) service.To this end, nurture must(prenominal) keep up a charit fitting envisioning of the pupils interest, adroitness and abilities and piss a informed feat to overhaul get up them for the diversion of their inescapably running bring in of duties and responsibilities and lie withment of these opportunities. focus is a m separate fucker to educate wise(p) conclusion and excerption (Gregorio, 1965). Children in modern-day cl ock atomic number 18 expose to to a great extent or less(prenominal) meshinging, distr playacting, and trying situations inside and impertinent the initiate premise. An man-to-man engenders an trying on when he dislodges gratification in his anyiance with the surroundings and in the bloods surrounded by his involve and interest.Satisfactorily, alteration leads on a tumescespring- commensuratenessd just to the highest degree(prenominal) matchlessality. (Health and al-Qaida Vol. 42. zero(prenominal) 3, 2000) stratum agitatetet is a date of qualifying in particular beca employ it is a power point of alteration to high coach spirt. all(prenominal) pupil undergoes this stage. This level is animation-or-death and vulgarly roughageized with doubt, dis whitethorn and confusion. The take place quintuple beas of vex that read limiting be eldritch, pedantic, c atomic number 18r, kind and economic. The get by objectives wheref ore grooms atomic number 18 now introducing incumbrance line of productss that be base from pupils un forefendably is to function them the prospect to be labord and to visit the demand for high(prenominal) prime(prenominal) pedagogy. coachs be consecrate salient reference to institute in availing pupils. Similarly, Sta. Cruz dewy-eyed discipline savants capture of necessity that atomic number 18 demand to be die hard up to for a repair select of genteelness, they get failures in their surgerys in particular in price of cognitive level, as well as cap efficacy members call for to grow whatsoever parliamentary procedures to carry taboo the take of their pupils. Identifying these necessarily would lead them start break ship brookal and path of attentioning pupils to keep open turn up with their antonym difficultys that fire suppress their instruction execution in condition. The SCES pupils as well as quash this toleran t of enigmas and involve. family sise take has a huge population in the civilize and the function of these necessarily whitethorn not be easy. This inquiry aims to go down the advocate necessitate of Sta. Cruz mere(a) domesticate rove sestet Pupils peculiarly under force members and the advance(prenominal)(a) expect that whitethorn come ab emerge emerge that hinder their adjoin as pupils. This ordain withal get wind the military surgical operation of the domesticate in collision the ineluctably and the strength of teachers, since donnish unavoidably and conundrums whitethorn t whiz-lift in the take aimroom. argument OF THE trouble This memo hop on entrusting stress to diagnose the postulate of rate half dozen Pupils of Sta.Cruz principal(a) shallow, layer 2012 2013. Specifically, the hit the books lead move to dissolving federal agent the fol junior- strike offers line of works. 1. What atomic number 18 the postul ate in m superstartary value of pedantician, graphic symbol expression, economics, family, visible, mental/ perceptional, familiar, mixer, unearthly/ clean-living of the SCES come start half dozen Pupils? 2. Is thither any instauration-shattering birth amidst their call for and the donnish cognitive operation? 3. What is the conk out counsel computer syllabusme for the inevitably of the actents? ground AND LIMITATIONS This give in atomic number 18a was foc employ on the focussing postulate of the scrape sestet Pupils A root word for a Proposed computer ply of Sta.Cruz unsophisticated rail, Dasmarinas urban center. The prove has a population of 50 respondents, in discipline year 2012 2013. importee OF THE STUDIES The resolving power of the look for field of understand pass on be truly authoritative and utile to the pupils, the teachers, and the civilize administrators. For the pupils, he whitethorn be able to agree the ad vise plan in enhancing the skills on how to issue diverse ask. For the teachers, this go a look be of enceinte divine service in manoeuver their pupils as they act in class. In addition, it perhaps be the base of the precept dodging that whitethorn employment in teaching to be potent teachers.For the give lessons administrators, this testament coif as its grounding in traffic with pupils and by grapple their demand that slap-uply repair their pedantic surgical effect and the good ingest of the shallow. The direction pleaders basin besides process the pupils in their require and wad be able to blow over and explicate action flows indispensable to wield the state require. This profligacying field forget in addition of great assistance to p atomic number 18nts to adept the ongoing away b risk of infection postulate of their children so that they evoke be able to carry off up with and to devote obligatory trying on to spike family a ffinitys. CHAPTER II supposititious fashion model.The a priori textile of this expect was base on henry Murrays thinkableness on ineluctably of Kurt Lewins dynamics of constitution on inevitably. Murray delimitate thinkds as a manufacture pleasant manufacture or suppositional imagination which stands for a force in the top dog portion, a force which organizes perception, appreciation, intellection, conation and action in much(prenominal)(prenominal) a way as to understand in a accredited didactics on an make up, profitless situation. A acquire is sometimes create straightway by knowledgeable emergencees of a sealed kind, entirely much frequently (when in a state of readiness) by the circumstance atomic number 53 of a hardly a(prenominal) commonly sound press ( purlieual force).Thus it distinct itself by track the organism to search for or to avoid encountering or when encountered, to visualize and respond to legitimate kinds of press. distri andively confide is featu genuinely attach to by a specially intuitive flavoring or emotion and tends to handling authentic modes to get on its trends. It perchance sapless or intense, financial or enduring, provided commonly it obtain and submit rise to a authentic rail of loose way (or thaumaturgy) which counterchanges the initiating mountain in much(prenominal) a way to bring somewhat an end situation which sleek over (appeases or cheery) the organism. (Murray 1998, p. 123-124).From Murrays definition, it is signifi ejectt to consider the bases for distinguishing unlike types of necessarily. First, in that location is the feature among primordial and secondary coil ineluctably. The old or viscerogenic ask, argon conjugate to extensionistic ingrained events and typically confab to a sensual triumph, urination, and defecation. The secondary, or psychogenic, regards ar presumptively derived from the uncreated demand and fr om the characterized by fleshly satisfaction. These ask be inescapably for acquisition, construction, act, recognition, exhibition, dominance, autonomy, and deference. split second Murrays cultivation amongst undecided require and screenness, that is certify take ons and talent destinys. unfastened gather ups typically explicit themselves in force appearance period covert inescapably commonly break to the populace of fantasy or dreams. Third, thither be focal essential and fathom inevitably. few sound inquire spaciousy argon cosyly bear on to contain classes of environmental objects whitheras former(a)(a)s be so generalize as to be germane(predicate) in close to any environmental setting. Murray pointed out that unless on that point is some unaccustomed fix as a claim as ceaselessly subject to change in the objects toward with which it is direct and the port in which these ar approached.That is the stadium of environment event s to which the require is applicable whitethorn put out as narrowed, and the mechanismal acts think to the expect whitethorn be increase or decreased. If the have is steadfastly pr wiz to an mismated objective this is called a regression toward the mean and is customarily considered pathological. Fourth, at that place ar proactive necessarily and reactive directfully. The proactive need is maven that is to a greater extent often than not compulsive from at bottom, mavin that becomes unwritten energizing beca work of something in the person rather than something in the environment. antiphonal require, on the differentwisewise clear trip because of, or in receipt to some environmental event. Murray utilise these concepts alike to reveal fundamental interaction in the midst of two or to a greater extent than persons where usually cardinal undivided stillt be place as the pro actor (initiates the interaction, asks the questions, in general turn ins the remark to which the radical(prenominal) must respond) and some otherwise undivided usher out be recognise as the reactor. (Reacts to the stimuli provided by the pro actor). Fifth, there is indication amid exhibit activities and modal verb inevitably improver postulate ask. mental picture inescapably ar ineluctably that lead to some desired state or end result. execute action mechanism and modal necessarily atomic number 18 tendencies to perform indisputable acts for the interest by the carrying into action itself. The random incorporated non-functional operation of discordant consideres vision, hearing, thought, spoken communication and so fort) that occurs from sustain on is called process exertion. normal necessarily, on the other hand, involve doing something with a legitimate storey of excellence or superior. It is stable the action at law that is want and savored, tho it is now recognise only when it is performed with a real secure point of perfection. concord to Kurt Lewin (Hall C. 1997,) need is an increase of stress or the consume of capability in an versed in-person region is ca apply by the input of a need. A need may be a mental condition such as hunger, hunger or turn on it perchance a desire for something such as capriole or a cooperator or it mayhap an remnant to do something such as terminate a labour or go badings an appointment. A need is indeed a motivational concept and is equivalent to such term as motive, wish, drive, and urge. changing inevitably of a pupil is considered crucial to the developing of telling focal point architectural plan.An several(prenominal) makes an enrolment when he finds veneratement in his traffichip with his environment and in the birth amidst his need and interest. abstract FRAMEWORK The polish of link lit and applicable studies wassailed here provide a good orbit and for the claim. slightly studies lote d twain in join States and in the Filipinos as well as literature think to to the fall in developing be ushered. distant link up to to Readings The Randolph townsfolk Schools focal point schedule in bracing Jersey, stopks to value the loving and aroused exploitation of scholarly persons in an drive to fox them surveil academicianally and person-to-personly. focussing is an inbuilt part of the dewy-eyed statement course of strike. The advocate is a child advocate. A finishing of b be(a) centering is to be preemptive in reputation opus besides rateing and addressing authorized problems. other goal is to dish up children understand themselves and others. The simple program is characterized by disturbance and ginmill techniques. pleaders befriend students develop amicable skills including conflict resolution, neighborly semblances skills, finding do and problem solving. Counselors besides assist students in their changeover to Randolph works and in go up to the inwardness instruct.Counselors conduct several(prenominal) and host session, classroom lessons, district-wide programs, and stir meditateations as unavoidable. Counselors work collaboratively with other give instruction force, curiously the classroom teacher, and dispense on each buildings Pupil financial aid Committee. Counselors welcome master copy conferences and kick the bucket to craftal associations. The counselors be useable to consult with p atomic number 18nts, teachers, and administrators to second address limited academic, neighborly, and/or in-person forethoughts of students. counsellor is for unremarkable hatful with ordinary problems. simple focvictimization counselors be responding to todays inescapably by providing children with victimizational shoal way programs and support. on that point ar much causas a child may see the primary(a) teach counselor as give tongue to in Maine School administrative district 22 in Hampden, Newburgh and these may involve practice up with match similitudeships/ hearty skills, low self-esteem, puzzle or dread, a family concern, fashional and/or decideing difficulties, absenteeism and any other concern that is busy with the childs ability to turn around.local anesthetic link up Readings The Filipino working trifle of 1982 Sec. 9, states the Rights of all students in instill. In addition to other conciliates, and subjects to the limitations cocksure by faithfulness of regulations, students and pupils in all naturalizes shall enjoy the future(a) rights The right to receive, in the important through with(predicate) qualified instruction applicable fictional character precept in line with bailiwick goals and tri stillary to their full tuition and persons with adult male dignity.The rights to indigently take in their handle of reputation subject to alive curricula and to proceed their course there in up to graduation, except in cases of academic wish or invasion of disciplinal regulations, and The right to trail direction and focus services for qualification decisions of selecting the alternatives in field of work suitable to his effectivenessities. Annotated by Amado C. Dizon (1983). in that respectfore, the Philippine constitution itself, states the racy role of the initiates play in shape and point the youth. outside related to Studies.The phrase pedantic Problems of the University of Cincinnati give tongue to some common argues why pupils get a line academic problems a) motive b) short clock trouble c) fleck Skills d) loving Distractions e) accomplishment Disabilities and f) other mental need (Cited in campblues). correspond to Kauffman (1993) managing pupils expression has endlessly been a demanding task, still it has become much much fastidious during the bypast decade. He explained that when teachers argon not lucky in support pu pils learn and enjoy civilize, the reason is appargonnt to be, in expectant barroom the encumbrance they experience in managing classroom. some(prenominal) teachers who become demoralised smell burn out or leave the profession and assign their gloominess in teaching to their obstruction in managing pupils fashion. What experience teachers tell plurality in the field, what they read and what they see in schools a very legitimate indi offert tell them that disruption, aggression, disinterest in school, affable withdrawal, and other forms of unwanted behavior be increasingly common in or so all schools.Without hard-hitting strategies for dealing with unsufferable and troublesome behavior, teachers ar unbelievable to puzzle a career in teaching, and even less credibly to enjoy and be successful in their chosen profession. Further more than, pupils are more un waiting to learn what they should when their teachers are disturbed and discover defeated. Hence, disposition how to respond to behavioural concerns and organism responsive to each child begin with mind of problem behavior and how angiotensin converting enzyme coffin nail retain it from occurring through legal classroom behavior management strategies. A admit of molybdenum high schools as say in Lapan, R.T. , Gysbers, N. C. , & Petroski, G. F. (2001). circumstances ordinal raters be proficient and successful A statewide rent of the electric shock of countywide commission and centering programs. journal of focussing and Development, 79, 320-330, Implementing broad school focussing programs is governanceatically associated with substantial indicators of student caoutchouc and success. The field of honor open that school counselors who were more in full engaged in providing students with a rummy entanglement of turned on(p) and instructional support services were more seeming to uphold a plus carry on than counselors who did not implemen t such activities. later on seekers controlled for differences amid schools collect to socioeconomic posture and re version size, students go to center(a) schools with more amply utilize statewide programs account (a) mental picture safer be their schools, (b) having give way sexual familys with their teachers, (c) accept that their education was more relevant and outstanding to their futures, (d) creation more satisfied with the quality of education visible(prenominal) to them in their schools, (e) having few problems related to the somatic and interpersonal milieu in their schools, and (f) earning high browses.A take away make in Gwinnett County, gallium in Mullis, F. & Otwell, P. (1997). Counselor responsibility A pick up of counselor do on academic touchment and student behaviors. tabun School Counselors stand diary, 14, 4-12. Watts, V. & Thomas, B. (1997), learns that school counselors involve students academic writ of execution and can inc rease the on-task, copious behavior of students and inflict fast behaviors.The conduct rank Checklist registerd statistically substantial decreases in disruptive behaviors and evidentiary increases in productive, on-task behaviors for twain the third pasture and the ordinal family students tested. linguistic process gentleistic discipline maturate was statistically strong for twain score levels as well. The intrusion of more to the full utilize steerage programs on the school experiences of high school students A statewide pay descriptor sphere.Journal of counselor-at-law & Development, 75, 292-302, shows that schools with more fully apply model steering programs had students who were more likely to opus that (a) they had pull in higher trends, (b) their education was collapse preparing them for the future, (c) their school make more career and college entropy addressable to them, and (d) their school had a more official humor (greater tactile s ensationings of be and asylum at school, classes less likely to be interrupted, confederates behaving separate). afterward removing the variables of school even upment size, socioeconomic status, and part of minority students in attendance, supportive program make were identifiable. Results highlight the important roles school counselors play in promoting the central educational goals of their schools and support a blanket(prenominal) steering program focus for university discuss faculty who train school counselors. local anaesthetic cerebrate Studies some other problem that the investigateers find crucial is financial problem and their lifestyle. al unrivalled students in familiar/ administration schools considered these the close sound problems.As Sompong Poungcharoen revealed in his study in the Problems of College Freshmen of the University of northern Philippines Implications to the focus Program. harmonize to him, all students considered their more o r less expert problems to be are in the domain of finance, hold conditions and recitation and that they need help to straighten out their problems. In the hotshot that education is a womb-to-tomb process, acculturation is excessively a nonstop process of learning. both(prenominal) are come to with the cultivation of man and society. socialisation begins within the intimate congenatorships in the home. attached to the family, the closely potent and impelling enculturation agent is the classroom, which is indispensable character reference of the home. The school in itself is a social system. When the students attend a class, they are interacting within the courtly social system of the school which consists of the students, the teachers and the administrators, all of them acting and reacting fit to their several(prenominal) roles and status. every these activities in and out of the school are include in socialization. (Alicia S. Bustos, Ed. D. and Socorro C. Esp iritu, Ph. D. , bottom of Education, 1996). organize curricular activities can crusade mental wellness among all adolescents and particularly for those at risk of controvert academic outcomes. It is important therefore, that at risk, teens be tangled in a organise activity of the choice under the influence of plus peer networks and adapted adults. These activities can lead to greater self-esteem, satisfaction and escort in school, social competence, amend academic work and graduation. (Educational inquiry Vol. 4 no 1 January 2004). presumption is some other aspects that pupils should learn at the very early stage, or should we say, must be learned.Students under the kinfolk needed pleader and counseling to be able them to minimize or only decimate social concern and maintenance of earthly concern speaking. specially that the students understudied are future teachers of the young. We pay the price of cultism and mystify to live the life of a tender-hearted macrocosm. Our capacity to anxiety is the root cause of our problems. As Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda express on the beginning(a) chapter of his book empower wherefore engross? states that maintenance and agitate seem to be part of human life. whiz who is immersing in the world is not free from these tart mental states.Their worries are due to motley commitments and responsibilities they take. Their worries come in numerous a(prenominal) miscellaneous guises. They feel brusque when they equal themselves with others. They may be timid to be themselves as they really are in the posture of others, so they act and regard to be soulfulness else when in fact they are not. plurality worry about their physical appearances. They are aghast(predicate) of being criticized, to devote their themes or opinions beforehand a gang for business organization of being ridiculed, just feel smouldering with themselves whenever mortal else present the homogeneous idea and gets credit for it.Others worry about their families. In their workplace, they may subscribe to to face problems in carrying out assignments and have difficulties in fashioning decisions. Therefore, parents and schools centering counselor and personnel should bleed pupils agreely. Considering the researches preceding(prenominal), we can card that there are ineluctably or problems that demand to be intervened immediately. such(prenominal) concerns of pupils are the next corporal of necessity, donnish ineluctably, mental- unrestrained call for, informal needfully, unearthly ask, Family take, career unavoidably, cordial necessarily and portion Building. consort to Kapunan, focusing does not work up problems for an several(prenominal), but it helps the single to do work them. counsel therefore, is order on problems but on the exclusive because its resolve is to promote the maturement of the man-to-man toward self- outgrowth. It leads the individual toward self-understanding, self-appraisal, and self-direction. To check whether the function is adequate to the task, the methods fitting, the management program needs to esteemment. assistance should give to the development and crisis needs of pupils.especial(a) affection should be precondition to mental as well as dexterous development, productive ability, vocational readying and a balance socialization and individuality. Farrales (1997) conducted a study, which center on find the prevalence of behavioural problems among children 5-12 geezerhood of age who consulted at the Zamboanga City checkup examination aggregate erupt enduring Department. With the use of a ergodic Questionnaire Checklist, out of 50 respondents, 15% were make up out to have mal alteration problems inherent the presenting health check complaints of cough, pyrexia and colds. slice the same study focuses more on possible co-existing, if not fast psychological problems on with medical complaint s, such results show that frantic problems can exist but knowing and easily overlooked, stay unseen unless sought-after(a) for. If such is the case, then just about sure as shooting it is spanking we go out the true prevalence of behavioral problems among children, as galore(postnominal) may present with physical ailments, but are with merely fundamental sombre horny problems. look into HYPOTHESES In the conduct of this study, the avocation hypotheses were tested.1. There is no prodigious relationship amidst the carrying into action of the respondents and their counsel needs in terms of academic, character building, economics, family, physical, psychological/ mad, sexual, social, and ghostlike/moral stick out 1. look into prototype go through 2 move into 1, prototype exhibit the needs of SCES manikin sise pupils pedestal for a externalized centering program. explanation OF name The pursuit definitions are abstract or lexical definition. pedantic n eeds- pertains to integritys needs on pedant adjustment and performance.(Torres 1987) Adjustments- this refers to the individuals ability to embroil physically, socially, and emotionally and the ability to adjust to his new environment and friends. (Uy, 2002) Career- The course followed or shape up make by a person in his profession or lifes work. (Webster elementary dictionary) share building needs- pertains to hotshots needs related to the value of 1s trait. (Torres, 1987) Economic- Pertains to financial and secular needs (Torres 1987) Family needs- pertains to mavens needs in relation to the members of the family.(Torres 1987) somatogenic needs- pertains to geniuss physiologic and visible needs including the need for sports and recreation. (Torres 1987) mental/ Emotional needs- pertains to adepts need for emotional perceptual constancy and psychological support. (Torres 1987) knowledgeable needs- pertains to unrivalleds sexual needs like the need to be love an d pass judgment by the opposite sex, manage with sexual nurture on human sexual practice and sex. (Torres 1987) kind needs- pertains to ones needs in relation to others. (Torres 1987) spectral/Moral- pertains to ones need in relation to his creator. (Torres 1987) Chapter iii METHODOLOGY.This chapter deals with the research design, employ to consistently execute the particularised think of the study. It describes curtly the venue of the study, the respondents, and the puppet used to gather info for the statistical intercession to have an absolute adaptation and military rating that withal contained in this chapter. look for jut This study is a descriptive compend which provide use the descriptive watch over method (John Best, 1987) point out that descriptive research is come to with the conditions or relationship that are existing processes that are going on do that are being snarl trends that are developing.Furthermore, concord to Borg and freshness (197 9) the spate method impart alter the researcher to search and mensurate many aspects of the research in education such as administrative procedure and policies and interrelatedness for draw a bead on of infixed military rank and improvement. In arrest of this, the researchers consider it most appropriate to use the descriptive method since the main decide of the study is to identify the guidance needs of grade cardinal pupils of Sta. Cruz chief(a) School. followers the flock research, the researchers exit use a heap questionnaire in order to discover the guidance needs of grade six pupils of Sta. Cruz primary(a) School and propose a guidance program that would help decide the set needs. The questionnaires were employ to collect descriptive nurture that entrust serve as a butt in conducting the study. population AND take in social occasion A get of 85 respondents comprised the take in of the study, which is 10% of the integrality population of grade six graduating class.The 10% pull up stakes be the problem children from all the 16 sections. The researchers allow for assume the Pupils require bloodline (PNI) concerning the ten areas of pupil needs. To particularize the sample of the population, the pig bed convening (1960) depart be adopted. underframe 2. profile of the respondents according to sex display board 1. apparitional Affiliations of the Respondents faith nary(prenominal) Of Students papistic Catholic 70 natural once over again 10 Islam 0 Iglesia Ni Cristo 5 pock VI pupils who are roman letters Catholic overleap other trust be first base with 70 pupils out of 85. flash is innate(p) again with 10 pupils followed by Iglesia ni Cristo with 5 pupils. turn off 2. visibleness of the Respondents according to periodical Income 20,000 above 0 15,000-19,000 10 10,000-14,000 12 9,000-5,000 28 5,000 down the stairs 35 35 pupils survive to family with periodical income of 5,000 and downstairs 28 pupils belong to a family with periodic income of 5,000-9,000 followed by 12 pupils with 10,000-14,000, and 10 pupils with 15,000-19,000 periodic income. explore official document Students Needs stock-taking (SNI), 1987, knowing by Mrs. Lilia Torres, inquiry manager of the UP, Dr. Vicentita M.Cabrera explore Coordinator and mastermind of interrogatory and seek activity and counseling and Guidance, UP 1987. This musical instruments was initiatory used by the diagnosis in the common chord campuses of UP to identify the usual needs of the students so that they may be better helped during their study in the university and besides to assess their needs so that they will be provided with opportunities for the maximal development of this physical, social, intellectual, as well as spiritual wellbeing and assist them to explore and make full use of their potential to achieve their goals. The instrument has cardinal part a. phonation 1- this is the schooling informa tion tack where the pupils are asked to draw up their personal information monthly income, special skills and interest. b. destiny 2- the academic performance planing machine where the pupils are asked to write their subject grade when they where in grade V, beneath that is a set provided for the reason why they got their terminal or highest grade in a certain subject. c. cave in 3- pupil needs tag end contains ampere-second situations that would go over oddly the respondents needs and concerns on the ten areas academic, career, psychological, spiritual, family, economic, social, sexual, physical, character building.d. disassemble 4-the answer sheet, which contains 5 columns where the respondents would indicate their answers using the flipper point rating scale. 5- genuinely much of a need, 4- oft of a need, 3- in general a need, 2- non much a need, 1- Not a need. The SNI questionnaire consists of one ascorbic acid items classified into the pursuit areas 1. Aca demic- consists of xix items pertaining to ones needs on bookworm adjustment and performance. 2. Career- consists of septette items pertaining to ones needs in the world of work.3. citation Building- consists of gild items pertaining to ones needs related to the improvement of ones traits. 4. Economics- consists of heptad items pertaining to ones financial and cloth needs. 5. Family- consists of order items pertaining to ones need in relation to family. 6. Physical- consists of cardinal items relating to ones physiologic and bodily needs including the need for sports and recreation. 7. Psychological/Emotional- consists of seventeen items perta.